Sudan struggles as millions head south

Nobody knows how many will come: the highest estimate is six million, writes BBC Correspondent David Loyn in Malakal, South Sudan on the largest movement of people in recent history:

Riek Machar, a warlord turned politician who is now building the new government of the south, says that when the dry season starts in November, people will come as if in a tidal wave.

African exodus

A huge, so far unreported, migration of displaced people is taking place at the end of the continent's longest-running civil war, writes Guradian UK Correspondent Jonathan Steele in Malakal, South Sudan, Sep 30 2005.

Chaos and hope as hundreds of thousands of Sudanese return to South Sudan.



Photo: Returning Sudanese walk through Akuem village in southern Sudan. (David Mwangi/Reuters/Guardian)

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa Malakal

Uganda reopens road linking southern Sudan

The Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) have reopened the road between Yei in Uganda and Juba in southern Sudan, local press reported.

Yei town lies 93 km from the Uganda-Sudan border. The road opens trade opportunities between Uganda and southern Sudan.

Full report by China's People's Daily Online 13 Sept 2005.



Photo: Southern Sudan's SPLA soldiers attend a class in the military camp of Malu in Rumbek, southern Sudan.

LRA Rebels attempting to close road between Juba and Yei?

Oct 2 Sudan Activism Blog features SouthSudan.Net article by Laku Modi of Greater South Sudan Sep 16. Excerpt:

"Recently, the road between Juba and Yei, which was then closed for nearly 16 years, was officially opened by the South Sudan Government authorities who for the first time tried to normalized the life of its people as part of CPA deal. However, no sooner had people started using the road than the Ugandan rebels attack residences who are living along side Juba-Yei road. Is the latest Lord Resistance Army Rebel of Uganda (LRA) attack on Loka, an attempt to close this road again? It is unbelievable for me to hear the development which was announced less than a week ago being countered by LRA criminals.

Obviously LRA is not acting alone in such operations but with the direction of Sudan Government whose interest is to block South Sudan transport and telecommunication system, trade and commerce, and other development sectors with her African countries counterparts so as to enable them tie South Sudan to depend on North Sudan like in the previous years. By so doing, Sudan government have assumed that they will be able to create a conducive atmosphere to their pipe dreams of making "unity of Sudan attractive". That's why the NIF have embarked on introducing LRA forces ranging from Eastern Equatoria to central Equoteria and now as far as Western Equoteria, a region which LRA didn't know before."

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GoS troops to join hands with Uganda to force out LRA

The Sudanese government said it is working with the SPLM and Ugandan government to remove the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) from Southern Sudan.

In a press statement, Sudanese Foreign Minister Mustafa Osman Ismail termed the southern Sudan-based LRA as "a terrorist group which would harm Sudan as well as Uganda."

"Contacts are underway between Sudan and Uganda at the level of the presidency and Ministry of Defence to banish any existence of the LRA inside the Sudanese lands," Mustafa said.

Full report by China's People's Daily Online 5 Sep 2005.

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa Uganda

Sudan's Janjaweed leader Musa Hilal led attack on Darfur

On Mar 30, 2005 the UN passed Resolution 1591 on Sudan which, among other things, demanded that the Government of Sudan immediately cease conducting offensive military flights in the region.

The African Union's Oct 1 statement on security in Darfur, reveals Sudanese forces deployed helicopter gunships in Darfur as recently as Sep 28.

A report at Bloomberg by Karl Maier in Khartoum Oct 1 2005 details what African Union Ambassador Kingibe told reporters yesterday about the Sep 28 attack on Aro Sharow camp in Darfur. Excerpt:

"In recent days, the government's deployment of helicopter gunships overhead while the Janjaweed forces attacked villagers suggests cooperation with the militia, Kingibe said.

"This apparent land and air assault gives credence to the repeated claim by the rebel movements of collusion between the GoS forces and the Janjaweed/Arab militia,'' he said."

And, according to this extract from Bloomberg's report, if true, explains the reason for the attack:

"There are reports that the leader of Janjaweed, Musa Hilal, led the attack on Aro Sharow, Kingibe said.

One of Musa Hilal's sons was reportedly killed in a Sept. 19 attack by Darfur's biggest rebel movement, the SLA, on the government-held garrison town of Sheiria, Kingibe said, while another was abducted."

The report goes on to quote Kingibe as saying:

"If the government claims its latest attacks are in retaliation for the Sheiria assault, "this cannot be justified given the deliberately calculated and wanton destruction wrecked by the disproportionate use of force on innocent civilians and IDPs in their camps.''

See full report.

Impose a no-fly zone over Darfur?

The number of AU peacekeepers for Darfur is scheduled to increase from 5,600 to 7,000 this year, and to 12,000 by next year, aside from the 10,000 strong UN peacekeepers expected for South Sudan. Since NATO is now providing logistical support to the African Union's mission in Darfur, one of the actions that could be taken at the AU's Security Council meeting Oct 3, or the UN Security Council at its next meeting, is to impose a no-fly zone on the region.

But don't hold your breath. Even after UN Resolution 1591 last March, air attacks in Darfur happened again. The Scotsman notes the AU has photographic evidence of those attacks, and reports Khartoum's excuse 31 May 2005:

Najib Abdulwahab, the then Sudanese government's minister of state for foreign affairs, denied AU reports that helicopters were attacking the town, claiming instead that they were fighting off an insurgent offensive. "What the government is doing in these areas is actually within its sovereign rights," he said at the time.

Further reading:

2 Oct 2005 - Prof Eric Reeves points out the above Bloomberg report in his latest analysis. [Thanks to Eric JM at Passion of the Present for above links]

2 Oct 2005 - Mail & Guardian report by Associated Press Writer Ibrahim Ali Suleiman in Khartoum says Sudanese government and Janjaweed accused of combined attacks.

2 Oct 2005 - Tehran Watch links to report: Iran to construct $16 million water treatment plant in Sudan - Bashir considered these projects of paramount importance for developing Sudan's infrastructure and conveyed his country's interest in expanding economic ties with Iran.

16 Aug 205 - Sudan Watch notes on Janjaweed and Abyei Boundary Commission Report.
- - -

You will be hunted, attackers warned after Darfur atrocity

Radio Australia Oct 2 summarises the latest news on Darfur by saying UN says war crime prosecutions imminent in Darfur - the United Nations has warned that war crimes prosecutions may be imminent, amid renewed fighting in Darfur.

Canada's Montreal Gazette features an Associated Press report Oct 2 that says the UN High Commissioner for Refugees said it sent a team to the Aro Sharow camp that had discovered more details about Wednesday's attack by a large group of armed men riding horses and camels:

The UNHCR team reported that many of the camp's 4,000 to 5,000 residents had returned from surrounding areas "where they initially fled as the horsemen swooped into the camp, killing residents and burning down their makeshift shelters," the agency said.

The survivors said the attackers included up to 300 Arab men.

The 34 people killed in the attack were men. Half had been living at the camp and half in nearby villages, UNHCR said. One of the victims appeared to have had his arms bound before being killed and witnesses reported that he was tied up and dragged behind a horse until he died, the agency said.

Photo: Janjaweed fighters ride their horses in western Darfur [Courtesy Middle East Online report April 1, 2005: UN approves ICC war crimes trials on Darfur - Security Council's move clear way to ICC to prosecute those responsible for atrocities in Darfur.

What some bloggers are saying

Oct 2 Australian blogger Pip Wilson expresses anger at army over violence in Darfur in his category amusingly entitled 'Boys with Toys Watch'.

Oct 2 netwmd says Sudan's Arab/Muslim Militias at it Again.

Oct 2 Chuck Currie's Darfur Update has a message from Church World Service: On October 6, the CWS-supported Dear Sudan campaign is supporting in an International Solidarity Fast for Darfur.

Oct 2 Crooked in Canada hopes the Canadian government has taken notice of the African Union's accusation that Sudanese government forces are supporting Arab militiamen who are targeting civilians in Darfur.

Oct 1 Princeton Progressive Nation writes on how not to demonstrate and says protests should convey a particular message to those who watch them and shouldn't consist simply of a mass that shouts slogans which are both various and superficial.

Oct 1 News with a Feeling in Baltimore says "oh good, now the african union has joined the chorus of tsk-tsking and finger wagging over the genocide going on in darfur. i'm sure the refugees are so grateful." -- if you want to help, check out the Genocide Intervention Fund

[Note, I am here in the UK and tried to donate to GIF but it looks like you need to be resident in USA or Canada]

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa African Union UN NATO UNHCR no fly zone Musa Hilal Khartoum

Important African Union Statement on Security in Darfur

More bad news for Khartoum. This Associated Press report Oct 1 2005 rightly points out, it is rare for the African Union to directly apportion blame for the fighting in Darfur:

The chief African Union envoy to Sudan, Ambassador Baba Gana Kingibe, told a press conference in Khartoum Oct 1 2005:

"Government forces have painted their military vehicles in the white colors of the African Union cease-fire monitors "in violation of all established norms and conventions."

Kingibe gave four instances of Sudanese army troops conducting what he called "coordinated offensive operations" with the Janjaweed Arab militia since Sep 18 2005 in Darfur.

Please read full report.



Photo: Rwandan soldier stands beside an African Union vehicle at Abu Shouk camp in Darfur, western Sudan. (AFP)

Note, the AU will convene in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on Monday Oct 3 a meeting of its Peace and Security Council to discuss the recent developments and consider appropriate action, Kingibe said.



Photo: Baba Gana Kingibe (R), African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) chief, speaks to reporters in Khartoum, next to an African Union representative. (AFP/Salah Omar/Yahoo)

It will be interesting to see if Khartoum gets out of this [so far, their silence is deafening] and watch how African politicians, and Libya and Egypt, respond to the AU report.

Maybe the report will give the UN Security Council some leverage with China and Russia who have consistently blocked international action. A report by China's Xinhua Sep 27 2005 states:

"UN Security Council passed a resolution in July 2004, asking Sudan to rein in Janjawid militias in 30 days or face international action. The resolution has been dismissed by the Khartoum government."

- - -

AU Press Statement on Security Situation in Darfur

Click here to read the African Union's Oct 1 2005 Press Statement on the deteriorating security situation in Darfur. [Courtesy Sudan Tribune]

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa African Union UN China Russia Egypt Libya Khartoum

Sudanese army attacks Darfur civilians - African Union

Reuters Oct 1 confirms the African Union (AU) accused the Sudanese government on Saturday of coordinating with Arab militias in attacks on civilians in Darfur, and said all parties to the conflict were violating ceasefire agreements:

"We must conclude that there is neither good faith nor commitment on the part of any of the parties," Baba Gana Kingibe, head of the AU mission in Sudan, told reporters in Khartoum.

About the Janjaweed attacks on villages and refugee camps in Darfur, he said government helicopters had been seen flying in the area at the time of at least one of the attacks.

"This apparent land and air assault gives credence to the repeated claim by the rebel movements of collusion between the government of Sudan forces and the Janjaweed," he said.

Kingibe also said government forces had "considerable and known" influence over the Arab militia and had ceased to restrain them in recent days as they had been doing in the past.

He said humanitarian workers had been forced to take shelter near AU camps during government attacks, and the upsurge in violence had hindered the humanitarian operations in the region.

"We expect a greater sense of responsibility ... on the part of the GOS troops and their allies than they have exhibited in the last four days," Kingibe said. He added even if the attacks were retaliation for rebel attacks, the government had used disproportionate force and targeted innocent civilians.

Full report by Opheera McDoom (Reuters) Oct 1, 2005.



Photo: A Sudanese policeman secures the Kalma camp near Nyala. (AFP) Khartoum admits arming and absorbing some tribes into regular armed forces, but denies any links to the Janjaweed, calling them criminals.
- - -

Russia says concerned about Darfur violence

Moscow is concerned at the latest deterioration in the situation in Darfur, the Russian Foreign Ministry information and press department said Sep 30:

According to information obtained by the department, "after a period of relative calm the situation in the West Sudanese province of Darfur has deteriorated once again". This was attested, the Foreign Ministry reports, in the recent attack by armed detachments of the Janjaweed on the Aro Sharow refugee camp in Darfur.

"This can only be a cause for concern," the Foreign Ministry believes.

The ministry notes that Russia has always worked and continues to work on the premise that only a political settlement can bring an end to the conflict in West Sudan and establish peace and stability.

"The latest upsurge of violence in Darfur demands a show of restraint, compliance with cease-fire accords and immediate additional efforts by the Government of National Unity and other parties to the settlement as well as by African peacekeepers and the international community in order to prevent a worsening of the humanitarian situation and an escalation of tension in West Sudan," says the Foreign Ministry report. Full report (RIA Moscow/ST) Sept 30, 2005

- - -

Sudan denies government troops were involved

Associated Press report Sep 30 reveals the Sudanese government, which the U.N. Security Council has repeatedly told to disarm the militia in Darfur, has not officially commented on the raid, which was the first armed assault on a camp for displaced people in more than two years of fighting in Darfur. Excerpt:

Hussein Barqu, a senior official of the National Congress, the major partner in the coalition government formed Sep 22, said no government troops were involved.

Describing the attack as the work of "outlaws," Barqu told The Associated Press Sep 30 the raid "threatened the security of both Sudan and Chad," which borders West Darfur. He added Sudan would consult the Chadian government about the suspected perpetrators.

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa African Union

War crimes warnings from UN and UK on Darfur Sudan

The International Criminal Court is busy collecting evidence in Darfur, reports the Scotsman Oct 1.

Arabic news notes an Associated Press report Oct 1 quoting a senior British official:

"Those who commit atrocities in Darfur will face trial by the ICC, International Development Secretary Hilary Benn said Saturday.

"The government of Sudan has should be under no doubt whatsoever, we (the international community) are serious about our commitment to support the International Criminal Court," he said.

"It is doing its work and those who are committing these crimes will in the end be brought to account."

Photo: Senior British official Hilary Benn issued a call to both sides in Darfur to halt the latest violence and return to negotiations. [Photo PA/Virgin.net]
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5,600 African Union peacekeepers presently in Darfur

In the latest incident in Darfur on Wed Sep 28, 34 men were reported to have been killed in an attack by hundreds of Arab militias, riding horses and camels, on the Aro Sharow refugee camp in western Darfur.

On this, UN envoy to Sudan Jan Pronk Fri Sep 30 said:

"The names of the individuals responsible for the attack, when known, will be reported to the Security Council... as well as to the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court."

A report today by the BBC on War crimes warnings over Darfur estimates 5,600 peacekeepers from the African Union are on the ground in Darfur.



Photo: Rwandan soldiers from the last of the three battalions in Kigali deploying in Darfur western Sudan as part of an African Union mission, 30 September 2005, board a US Air Force C-130 heading for El Fasher, Sudan. When the airlift is completed Rwanda will have deployed more than 1800 men in Darfur. (AFP/Helen Vesperini/Yahoo) 30 Sep 2005

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa war crimes ICC

Indian troops leave to Sudan for UN peacekeeping mission

Once in a while, over the past year, news reports emerge from New Delhi saying troops from India are about to join the UN peacekeeping force in southern Sudan. Each time, the reports make mention of the troops having Chapter 7 mandate. Here below, if true, is some extraordinary (and good) news. [Please do not miss the 23 May 2005 report linked below]

News reports from India are now saying Indian Air Force troops left on Fri Sep 30 for the Sudan, after the UN Security Council extended the mandate for its mission for a further six months.

Western media is not yet reporting the story and no photos of the event appear to be online, so it is difficult to tell how much truth there is to this excerpt from Defence India Sep 30, 2005:

According to the Indian Asian News International (ANI) M. Bahadur, will lead the 10,000-strong Indian contingent. It carrying with it key medical equipment and choppers, because the Indian forces will largely be involved in logistic support.

"The contingent that is going there comes under chapter 7, which means peace enforcement as against peace keeping which is chapter six. Their role will be logistic support, troop induction, casualty evacuation, search and rescue and basic medical support," Bahadur said at an Air Force Base in New Delhi.

Also note, the article points out:

India has a strong economic presence in Sudan.

The Indian oil firm Oil and Natural Gas Corp (ONGC) has a 25 percent stake in the Greater Nile Oil Project in Sudan and has interests in two exploration blocks.

In February this year, ONGC was awarded a contract to build a 1.2-billion-dollar oil refinery in Sudan, an African country bordering the Red Sea.

Sudan has also mandated ONGC to build a 200-million-dollar multi-product export pipeline from the Khartoum refinery to Port Sudan on the Red Sea, about 740 kilometres (460 miles) away.

Further reading:
30 Sep 2005 - Sify.com: India sends peace enforcement troops to Sudan

23 May 2005 - Bangladeshi Daily Star: Bangladeshi troops to leave for Sudan in peacekeeping mission. [in-depth with quotes from Gen Fazle Elahi Akbar, ie: "I have a mandate of 240 days to complete the deployment of 10,000 troops and already a month and a half have passed by with only the Nepalese contingent of little over 200 being in place."



Photo: Gen Fazle Elahi Akbar

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa India ONGC peacekeepers

UN Security Council calls for Darfur peace deal by end 2005

The UN Security Council on Wednesday condemned the rise in violence and banditry in Darfur, stressing that only a political solution can achieve durable peace and reconciliation there.

In a statement to the press, the Council's president said UNSC members call upon the SLA, JEM and Government of Sudan to reach a peace agreement in Darfur by end of 2005 and for all donors to honour their Oslo pledges.
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Norwegian minister travels to Sudan to push for peace

Good news. The highly regarded Norwegian Minister of International Development Hilde Johnson will travel to Sudan to meet the new government and push for a nationwide peace, her ministry said Friday.

Johnson will visit Sudan's capital, Khartoum, on Oct. 1-4 to meet the government that took office on Sept. 15, as well as regional officials, her ministry announced.

"It is very positive that a new, unified government in Khartoum is now in place," she said in a statement.

"We expect the government to push ahead with carrying out the peace agreement, and work to create peace in all of Sudan."

Full report (AP/ST) Sep 30 2005.



Photo: Hilde Johnson has been instrumental in helping peace to progress in the Sudan
- - -

Note, the $4.5 billion development funding pledged by donors for South Sudan is dependent on peace in Darfur. It acts as an incentive for the warring parties to sign a peace agreement for Darfur in a similar way to Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in January by southern Sudan rebels and Government of Sudan.

No doubt all sides, including the UN and NATO, are acutely aware that eastern Sudan is not yet part of any peace deal. There must be a reason. Perhaps rebels in eastern Sudan will be brought into the peace talks currently taking place, one step at a time.

Northern Sudan is mostly populated by supporters of the Islamic regime in Khartoum and appears not to have much oil. Most of Sudan's oil seems to be in the south of the country. Sudan says there is an abudant oil in Darfur.

Some say there is oil to be explored on the Chad-Sudan border and Khartoum has plans to lay an oil pipe in Darfur.



Photo: Sudanese refugees flee the Janjaweed militia in Darfur

[Photo courtesy Matt Tapie's blog in Texas from Sep 30 post Christians, We Must Not Forget Darfur]
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Sudan announces abundant oil discovered in southern Darfur

April 2005 UPI report says Sudan claims initial oil drilling operations in Darfur indicate there is abundant oil in the area. Excerpt:

Sudan Energy Minister Awad al-Jaz told reporters in Khartoum an oil field was found in southern Darfur and it is expected to produce 500,000 barrels of oil per day by August. Most of the country's oil production comes from oil fields in southern Sudan, where a peace treaty was recently signed between the government and rebels.

According to the accord, 50 percent of oil revenues from the south will go to the SPLM [the former rebel group of south Sudan], while the other half to Khartoum.

The country started exporting oil in August 1999.

Photo: Gas flaring at an oil terminal of Eguatu, Warri-South, Niger Delta. (AFP/ST).
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Total to resume Sudan drilling operations soon

29 Sep 2005 Sudan Tribune report says French energy giant Total claims it would resume explorations activities in the Block Ba in southern Sudan very soon.

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa oil UN NATO

Darfur: Peace talks expected to conclude early 2006

U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick told a Senate hearing Sep 28 that the recent upsurge of violence in Darfur might "possibly [be the parties] positioning for negotiations" in Abuja, and he said "a message" he wanted to convey strongly was that such a strategy would not be tolerated by the U.S. and definitely would be counterproductive.

Zoellick said the goal of U.S. aid, amounting to $1.9 billion since 2003, and U.S. military support, mainly airlifts for an AU security force that soon will number 7,700, is "to create a secure environment and political [and] tribal reconciliation so people can voluntarily return home safely, beginning in the first half of 2006"; about the time it is hoped the Abuja talks will have a successful conclusion.

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa oil Zoellic Abuja Nigeria

Disputes in East and South Sudan remain a threat to the Comprehensive Peace Agreement

Committee Chairman Richard Lugart, at a U.S. Senate hearing 28 Sep 2005, cautioned:

"Even as we focus on Darfur, we must be cognizant that simmering disputes in the East [of Sudan] and the South remain a threat to the Comprehensive Peace Agreement."

Eastern Front activity



Note this excerpt from the Economist 29 Sep 2005 - Enemies everywhere: Discord in eastern Sudan threatens the peace accord with the south -

As the main southern group, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM), withdraws its forces from the country's eastern belt as part of its agreement signed earlier this year with the government in Khartoum, eastern rebels are replacing them. The Eastern Front's bases are over the border, in Eritrea. Sudanese government forces and tribal militias are limbering up for a showdown on the Sudanese side of the border. There are growing fears that the government in Khartoum is planning to unleash the militias, just as they did in the west, when mounted Arab levies known as the janjaweed were allowed, and probably encouraged, to commit an array of atrocities against the disaffected Darfuris, leaving perhaps 180,000 dead.

The Eastern Front was set up last year as an alliance between two eastern tribal rebel groups, the Rashaida tribe's Free Lions and the Beja Congress. They were later joined by the Darfuris' Justice and Equality Movement (JEM). The rebels' gravest threat is to block the flow of oil, which is exported through Port Sudan at a rate of 300,000 barrels a day. The government also plans to build a second refinery nearby that would double the output of Sudan's refined oil within three years. That plan, too, could be stymied.

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Darfur rebel group SLA destabilising peace talks

Sep 30 Independent UK report says the African Union has complained that the Darfur rebel group SLA is destabilising the talks by continuing to fight:

The SLA insists it is only defending itself. The talks are also likely to be hindered by the fact that the SLA has splintered into several groups. A recent UN policy meeting in Darfur was disrupted by Sudanese national security forces, which arrested and later released several of the Sudanese participants.

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa oil

Sudan: Southerners get new assembly

The Interim Legislative Council of southern Sudan, which brings together many former military and political adversaries, was officially inaugurated on Thursday in Juba, the southern Sudanese capital, reports IRIN from Juba 30 Sep 2005. Excerpt:

The establishment of the new parliament constitutes a milestone in the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), signed on 9 January by the Sudanese government and the former southern rebels of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A).

It also represents an important step in fulfilling the southerners' aspirations for greater political autonomy and the decentralisation of power, for which the SPLM/A fought during a 21-year war that claimed two million lives.

"This is clearly a significant and historic moment. This is what people have been waiting for since the signing of the CPA, and probably for the past 20 years," David Gressly, the UN deputy resident and humanitarian coordinator for southern Sudan, told IRIN at the ceremony.

Photo: A small child plays with a stick as if it was a rifle while a group of townspeople train to bolster the local security presence in south Sudan – a region where genocide has occurred, according to the U.S. and many human rights organizations.

[Image courtesy Ryan Spencer Reed. Information on Reed's "Hands of a Displaced Sudan" photo exhibit in Jackson will be available at the Sep 30 MSU teach-in that wants mid-Michiganians to understand the scale of the Darfur tragedy. See article at Michigan State University Newsroom: Darfur teach-in features firsthand accounts from Sudan]

Tags: Darfur Sudan Africa oil University Michigan Juba human rights

Darfur: Chadian president in Libya to meet Gaddafi

Libyan news reveals Chadian President Idriss Deby flew to Libya today where he met with Libyan leader Colonel Muammar Gaddafi. Several international issues of common interest were discussed, including the outcome of the African Union conference held in Libya last July and the latest situation in Darfur.



Photo: Chadian President Deby arrived in Libya Thursday afternoon, Sept 29, 2005 at Sirte international airport where he was received by Major-General Alghwaldi Alhmeadi. (LJB)

Note, Chad hosts 200,000 refugees from the Sudan and Libya opened up a new trans-Sahara aid route for UN WFP aid trucks to enter Darfur.

Over the past year, President Deby and Colonel Gaddafi, along with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, helped overcome obstacles on the Darfur peace talks and worked to progress the talks.



Photo: Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi (R) and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak (L) walk to the opening session of the third African Summit at Tripoli re Darfur, Sudan May 16, 2005. (Reuters). "The meeting between Kadhafi and Mubarak focused on the Darfur talks being held in Abuja and the means of ensuring that they are sucessful," Mubarak spokesman Suleiman Awad told reporters at the time.

Tags: Africa Darfur Sudan Chad Libya Mubarak Gaddafi UN WFP aid peace talks

Chad is co-mediator at Darfur peace talks

The present upsurge in Sudan's violence coincides with the final round of Darfur peace talks. Chad is co-mediator at the talks. Similar violence occurred last year when Chad's president threatened to pull out of mediating the talks because of Janjaweed attacks in Chad.

Reuters report Sep 25 confirms Chad and Darfur's JEM rebel group have agreed to cooperate. Excerpt:

The African Union, which is mediating the peace talks, said on Sunday a JEM delegation met Chad's President Idriss Deby in N'Djamena to dispel misunderstandings and the JEM had accepted Chad as a co-mediator in the peace process.

Detailed discussions at the Darfur peace talks on power sharing, wealth sharing and security arrangements were due to begin on Monday.

Tags: Africa Darfur Sudan Aro Sharow Chad SLA JEM rebel groups refugees security Janjaweed

Chad accuses Janjaweed of attack that left dozens dead

Chadian President Idriss Deby has accused Sudanese militiamen of being behind an attack on Thursday that left 36 dead near Chad's eastern border with Sudan.

"We are absolutely certain that the perpetrators were Janjaweed militias, but we still do not know the reasons for the attack,'' he told Radio France International.

President Deby said that the assailants, who attacked Chadian villages on horseback in the east of the country, were armed with new weapons, dressed in military uniform, and were supplied with plenty of ammunition:

"Who gave this to them, was it the Sudanese government or another, we will find out," Deby added.

Full report Sep 29, 2005 ReliefWeb via DPA

Tags: Africa Darfur Sudan Aro Sharow Chad SLA JEM rebel groups refugees security Janjaweed

29 dead in attack on Darfur's Aro Sharow camp

The U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) said that according to initial reports the Aro Sharow camp was attacked by 250-300 "armed Arab men on horses and camels" late on Wednesday Sep 28.

Twenty-nine people were reported to have been killed in an unprecedented attack on a refugee camp in the north-west of Darfur, the UN said on Thursday Sep 29.

Another 10 people were reported to have been seriously wounded and the nearby village of Gosmeina was also reportedly attacked and burnt, the agency said. The death toll referred only to camp dwellers.

Full report 29 Sep 2005 Reuters, Geneva.

Tags: Africa Darfur Sudan Aro Sharow Chad SLA JEM rebel groups refugees security Janjaweed

Timeline of events since fighting began in Darfur, Sudan

In June of this year, CBC News published a timeline of events in Sudan starting with April 2003 when the fighting in Darfur began.

In April 2003, refugees began arriving in eastern Chad to escape the conflict that erupted after the two main rebel groups in Darfur, SLA and JEM, began attacking government forces and installations in Darfur, western Sudan.

Tags: Africa Darfur Sudan timeline CBC Chad SLA JEM rebel groups western Sudan security military fighting

UN relief operation in Darfur could all end tomorrow?

Today, the BBC reports escalating violence in Darfur is threatening to halt relief efforts in the area, the UN's chief aid coordinator has said. Excerpt:

'Jan Egeland said violence in Darfur had become so bad that the UN operation could "all end tomorrow - it's as serious as that". Mr Egeland said that international aid workers were increasingly being targeted by armed groups.

His comments came as violence flared on the border between Darfur and Chad.'

Mr Egeland habitually issues alarming politically charged messages to the press. Darfur's security situation was much worse in June of last year when the UN was pushing to get aid in - not pull it out.

Note how the media is used as a weapon of war. Even though the message from the UN's aid chief to the media is not really hard news, it is zipping around the world right now, making headline news.

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan once said in an off the cuff talk to reporters that some of what he says to the media are veiled messages to various people on the ground in Sudan.

Tags: Africa Darfur Sudan Janjaweed attacks Chad Janjawid Khartoum Central African Republic CAR wadi UNHCR Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch Jan Egeland.

Janjaweed attack E Chad: French troops step up patrols

Today, IRIN reports Chad's Government says Sudanese 'insurgents' killed 36 herders on Monday in East Chad. The report explains eastern Chad has been gripped with tension since the Darfur conflict in western Sudan broke two years ago. Excerpt:

Hostilities have repeatedly spilled across the border into the region where some 200,000 Sudanese refugees are living in camps.

An aid worker in Adre, a border town near the site of Monday's attack, told IRIN that French troops in eastern Chad have recently stepped up patrols in the area after increased activity by armed groups on the Sudanese side.

Chad President Idriss Deby, who initially took office in a coup in 1990 with the backing of Khartoum, has long had to perform a delicate balancing act in eastern Chad, the site of sporadic rebel movements over the last 15 years.

Note also, the report points out that last April, Chad accused Sudan of backing a 3,000-strong rebel force operating on the border and goes on to say:

"Tuesday's government statement said the authorities had contacted the Sudanese embassy in Chad to make known its worry about this grave situation and to invite the Sudanese government to take the necessary measures at its borders from where these insurgents came. A delegation of government ministers and military leaders left N'djamena for the border area on Tuesday afternoon."

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Chad says Sudanese insurgents killed 36 herders in East

The above IRIN report says a group of unidentified armed men in military uniform crossed into Chad from Sudan early on Monday, killing 36 herders and stealing livestock. Excerpt:

"The Chadian government said, in a statement on Tuesday, the attack took place in the village of Madayouna in the Ouaddai region of eastern Chad.

"The riposte by the armed forces stationed in the region was rapid," the statement said.

Seven of the assailants were killed and eight detained, one of whom later died in detention, it added. Two Chadian soldiers were killed and five injured."

Photo: Chad's camel guards patrol on the Sudan-Chad border in Abulu Kore (Darfur), Eastern Chad, in 2004. (AFP/Thomas Coex/Yahoo)
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Darfur rebels blame Janjaweed for attacks in Chad

AFP reports 50 [not 36] people [where do they get such information?] were killed in eastern Chad when, quote "armed horsemen from neighbouring Sudan attacked a village and later clashed with Chadian forces, the government spokesman and army sources said."

A later AFP report says the Darfur rebels blame the Janjaweed for the attacks and said they never attack civilians, let alone Chadian villages.

As I recall, similar incidents happened last year, reportedly involving the Janjaweed in Chad. See Google search Janjaweed Chad 2004 and this excerpt from a 22 June 2004 report at Human Rights Watch:

Sudan: Darfur Atrocities Spill Into Chad - Despite Ceasefire, Sudanese Troops and Militias Continue to Kill, Rape and Loot

(New York, June 22, 2004) -- Backed by the Sudanese government, Janjaweed militias are launching assaults across the border into Chad, attacking and looting Chadian villagers as well as refugees from Darfur, Human Rights Watch said today. Despite a ceasefire agreement in Darfur, government troops and Janjaweed militias continue to commit atrocities in the western Sudanese region.

Human Rights Watch documented at least seven cross-border incursions into Chad conducted by the Janjaweed militias since early June. The Janjaweed attack villages in Chad and refugees from Darfur, and also steal cattle. The same Arab and African ethnic groups live on both sides of border in Chad and Darfur.

Photo: A soldier from the National Army of Chad patrols the wadi Tine, the empty bed of seasonal river that runs between Chad and Sudan in Tine, in 2004. (AFP/File/Marco Longari)
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Over 600 Chadians returned home from CAR, UN refugee agency says

Over six hundred out of some 1,500 Chadian refugees who have spent the past two decades in exile in the Central African Republic (CAR) after fleeing civil war in their country have been returned home in an operation that began last week, the United Nations refugee agency reported today.

The 609 Chadians were transported in two convoys, according to a spokesman for the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), as part of an operation that is expected to be completed by early October. Full story by UN.org.

Also, note the report states:

With the growing insecurity in northern CAR since the end of 2004, the group approached UNHCR to organise their return to Chad. Many of the refugees reported attacks by bandits who stole their cattle and prevented them from working in their fields.

At the same time, UNHCR is looking into reports from local authorities of some 170 refugees who may have crossed the border from northern CAR into Chad two weeks ago after fleeing attacks by armed groups on their villages. It is also continuing the relocation of more than 2,000 other CAR refugees who crossed over for similar reasons in August.

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Sudan's Turabi says new unity government a fraud

Sep 28 Reuters SA report says Opposition leader Hassan Turabi said the new government failed to include enough representation for the east and Darfur, the western region of Sudan, where rebels took up arms in 2003:

A major political force in Sudan, Turabi backed the bloodless military coup that brought [Sudan's current President] Bashir to power in 1989 and became one of its most important defenders.

But the two fell out and Turabi has since spent around four years in detention. He was most recently released in July after being accused of arming the Darfur rebels and plotting a coup.

He said on Tuesday he supported the struggle of the Darfur rebels for a more federal system of government but denied arming them.

[I wish someonee would explain who is arming them]

Tags: Africa Darfur Sudan Janjaweed attacks Chad Janjawid Khartoum Central African Republic CAR wadi UNHCR Human Rights Watch

Viral technology will be a key competency for Africans

Excerpt from Africa Blogging, a commentary on the emergence of social software and hypernetworking technology in Africa:

"Experts predict that the 21st Century will be Africa's Century."



Photo: East Africa - Computer education in secondary schools in remote areas (via Africa Blogging)
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Considering Africa

From American blogger Steve Nicholson [newly arrived in Africa] Sept 22, 2005:

African landline phones, 2003: 25 million

African cell phone subscribers, 2003: 52 million

Personal computers in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2003: 12 per 1,000 people

Percent of population with access to improved drinking water: Sub-Saharan Africa - 82 urban, 45 rural

Infant mortality rates (birth to one year old): Sub-Saharan Africa - 102 of 1,000 children

Average life expectancy: Sub-Saharan Africa - 46 years

Poorest nations: Burundi, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Somalia - per captia GDPs of $600

Richest nation: Mauritius - per capita GDP of $12,800

US per capita GDP: $40,100

Tags: Africa Darfur viral technology Africa Blogging computer remote hypernetworking social software East Africa

Darfur Sudan: Mini Mubarak and Gadhafi summit in Cairo

A video grab from the El-Masriyya satellite channel shows Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak (L) shaking hands with Libyan leader Moamer Gadhafi in Cairo. The two leaders held talks on how to prevent the failure of peace talks aimed at ending the conflict in Darfur. (AFP/El-Masriyya/Yahoo) Sep 27 2005.



Mubarak's spokesman, Suleiman Awwad said Egypt urges the Darfur rebels to follow the lead of the SPLA/M which signed a peace agreement with Khartoum ending Sudan's long-protracted civil war last January.

'There is a live example before the Darfur rebels that agreement could be reached on sharing power and wealth and that they could join in the nationwide reconciliation and peace process in Sudan,' Awwad said.

Tags: Africa Darfur Egypt Libya peace talks Mubarak Gadhafi