Annan says AU agrees to hand over Darfur force to UN

China's newswire Xinhuanet is usually reserved in its reporting but today it has added the word "urgent" to the heading of a news report on Darfur, as if it were broadcasting alarming news. Copy:

Urgent: Annan says AU agrees to hand over Darfur force to UN

UNITED NATIONS, March 10 (Xinhuanet) -- UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan said on Friday that the African Union (AU) has agreed to hand over its peacekeeping mission in Sudan to the United Nations.

Annan made the remarks at the UN headquarters in New York, adding the AU also agreed to extended its forces in Sudan for six more months.

"From what we know now, they have at least agreed to a six-month extension of the AU force and to work with the United Nations on transition," he said.

Further reading:

Mar 10 2006 AU proposes 9 month Darfur mission - Sudan ready to reinforce it with 10,000 troops - half SPLA - within 3 wks

Mar 10 2006 UN to take Darfur peacekeeping role after peace deal

Mar 11 2006 Sudan's VP Kiir: Darfur crisis solution possible by year's end

Mar 11 2006 Libya's Angola Press report says Annan pleased with AU decision to hand over force in Sudan to UN - Annan noted that he is still waiting for the full details of the decision, adding "from what we know now, they have at least agreed to a six-month extension of the AU force, and to work with the UN on transition."

Mar 11 2006 Kuwait News Agency (KUNA) reports Annan cautiously welcomes AU decision to let UN take over mission on Darfur.

Mar 11 2006 Ireland's RTE reports AU extends Darfur mission mandate for another six months and to hand over the mission to the UN later; AU FMs made clear they accepted the Sudanese government's key condition for a UN deployment, that the rebel factions in Darfur should first agree a peace deal.

Mar 11 2006 AP/Washington Post reports African Troops Extend Darfur Mission - Jamal Mohamed Ibrahim, a spokesman for the Sudanese Foreign Ministry, said on state television that the agreement to extend the A.U. force's mandate was a success for Sudan's position. "We have achieved a great success by preserving the status of the African role in Darfur, and that the solution to the question will come within the African context," he said.

Mar 11 2006 China's People's Daily Online report credits Xinhua as source saying Sudan welcomes AU's decision on Darfur to extend the AU peacekeeping mission in Darfur for six months until Sept. 30 this year. The council also agreed in principle to hand over its cash-strapped peacekeeping mission in Darfur to the UN according to a joint communique issued at the end of the AU-PSC meeting in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa on Friday. Abu Zaid al-Hassan, Sudan's Ambassador to Ethiopia and Permanent Representative in the AU, described the decision as "balanced", adding "it met most demands of Sudan." The decision underlined the UN would not send any peacekeeping forces to Darfur without an agreement of the Sudanese government, he said in a telephone interview with Xinhua from Addis Ababa. He added that the AU-PSC decision talked on a transition of the AU peacekeeping mission towards a UN mission in terms of principle rather than a final decision.

Mar 11 2006 Islam Online reports Buying Time, AU extends Darfur Mandate for 6 months - AU Commission Chairman Alpha Oumar Konare said extending the mandate of the 7,800-strong AU force to Sept 30 would give the organization time to persuade Sudan to accept a UN presence. The PSC statement said that during this period the "international community has the obligation to finance this peacekeeping mission." Before September 30, "everything should be made to ensure a conclusion of the Abuja peace talks" between the Darfur rebels and the Khartoum government and both sides should work to "improve the humanitarian and security situation on the ground," the statement added. "The PSC stressed the need to conclude a peace agreement by end of April 2006," but called for the formation of a committee of heads of state to engage the Sudanese parties on how to "expedite the conclusion" of the deal.

Norway's NRC concerned about UN aid cut in Darfur

Norewegian Refugee Council report today says UNHCR's announced cut in activities in Darfur is another clear testimony that the international community and Sudanese authorities lack the ability to create the necessary humanitarian space for humanitarian actors to assist the Sudanese civilian population.



Photo: African Union soldier at Kalma camp for internally displaced people near Nyala, southern Darfur, Sudan. The placard reads: "We need international forces to protect us." (Andrew Heavens)

90,000 people in Kalma Camp, Nyala, S Darfur, W Sudan

Norway's NRC has many large humanitarian programs in Sudan.

In Nyala South Darfur NRC coordinates humanitarian work in Sudan's largest camp for internally displaced persons, Kalma, where more than 90.000 people live in temporary shelters.

NRC distributes food to 50.000 internally displaced persons in South Darfur, and it depends on a continuous monitoring of the security situation, which enables staff to implement field operations without in the process risking their own lives.

Further reading:

Feb 7 2006 Controlled anarchy at Kalma camp in South Darfur

Feb 14 2006 SLA shot down gov't helicopter in Shearia, South Darfur

Sudan's VP Kiir in Paris asks donors for more aid

Yesterday, the World Bank said it puts aid needs at $2.5 billion just in southern Sudan where more than 2 million people have died, mostly through famine and disease, during two decades of war formally ended by a peace deal last year.

"It's not enough because if it's $4.5 billion for all of Sudan for three years, and southern Sudan needs $2.5 billion, there is a gap there," said Gobind Nakani, World Bank Vice President for Africa.

See full article (Reuters/ST) 10 March 2006.



Photo: Salva Kiir Mayardit, first vice president of the Republic of Sudan (Reuters/ST)

Sudan's VP Kiir: Darfur crisis solution possible by year's end

Sudanese vice president Salva Kiir Mayardit, himself a former rebel, said Friday that he believes a solution to the Darfur conflict can be found by the end of the year, maybe sooner, reports AP 10 March 2006.

Note the report makes no mention of Sudanese rebels in eastern Sudan fighting for a share of power and wealth for their region. Darfur is in western Sudan.

Sudan's pyramids of Kush on US bills - Oriental Institute brings ancient Nubia to Chicago

The pyramids represented on the US bills are the pyramids of Kush, in Northen Sudan. These were built around 500BC, by the Nubians who eventually became Pharos of Upper and Lower Egypt.



Image courtesy Sudan Embassy at The Hague, Netherlands plus:

The Comprehensive Peace Agreement - now in sidebar here at Sudan Watch.
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Oriental Institute brings ancient Nubia to Chicago, USA

Some of the world's most significant artifacts from Nubia, an ancient African civilization that had important connections to Egypt, will go on display Saturday, 25 Feb 2006 at the Museum of the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago. Click here for more details.



Photo: Excavated at Qustul, the incense burner found in a ruler's tomb is distinctively Nubian, though its design is similar to objects associated with early Egyptian rulers. (University of Chicago Chronicle)

Ex-Milosevic ally kills himself - Milosevic found dead in cell

March 6, 2006 BBC report Ex-Milosevic ally kills himself says the former Croatian Serb leader Milan Babic committed suicide in his prison cell in The Hague Sunday March 5, 2006. Excerpt:

Babic, 50, was serving a 13-year prison term for crimes against humanity, after admitting persecuting the non-Serb population in Croatia's Krajina region.

He was a key ally of former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic but later testified against him at the tribunal. He was found dead on Sunday evening, the UN war crimes tribunal said in a statement.

Today, March 11, BBC reports Milosevic found dead in his cell. Excerpt:

Former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic has died in the detention centre at The Hague tribunal.

The tribunal said he was found dead in his cell on Saturday morning and that although the cause was not yet clear, there was no indication of suicide.

Mr Milosevic, 64, had been on trial at the UN war crimes tribunal for genocide and other war crimes since 2001.

Mr Milosevic faced charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity for his alleged central role in the wars in Bosnia, Croatia and Kosovo during the 1990s.

He also faced genocide charges over the 1992-95 Bosnia war, in which 200,000 people died. Mr Milosevic was in office for 13 years until 2000.

European Union foreign policy chief Javier Solana said he hoped his death would help Serbia to come to terms with its past and allow it to look to the future.

Both the former Serbian leader's parents committed suicide.

Note, Babic had expressed shame and remorse but Milosevic never did.

World donors pledge 4.5-billion-dollar aid for Sudan

Representatives of Sudan's donors meeting in Paris on Friday confirmed a 4.5-billion-dollar aid package to Sudan over the next three years, which they had promised in April, 2005 in Oslo.

This two-day meeting, which highlighted the Darfur issue, brought together Sudan's first deputy president, Salva Kiir, and representatives from European states, the United States, the African Union, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. - via Xinhua 10 Mar 2006.

AU mediation maintains SLM's Nour in spite of rebels split

Following the latest split within the Darfur rebel group SLM, the African Union mediation team said it will not "interfere in the internal problems" of the rebels groups and maintain al-Nour and Minawi as representative of the SLM in the peace talks.

Full report (Sudan Tribune) Mar 10, 2006.



Photo: AU negotiator Sam Ibok, and AU chief mediator Salim Ahmed Salim

UN to take Darfur peacekeeping role after peace deal

Emerging from an AU meeting today, Taye Zerihon, deputy UN representative to the AU, stood alongside Sudanese FM Liam Akol at a briefing for reporters and said of the transfer from AU to UN troops in Darfur:

"It looks like a transfer will happen at the appropriate time."

He said the UN may need up to nine months to prepare a mission to Darfur and added he will advise UN Secretary General Kofi Annan to begin contingency planning. Full article (AP/ST) 10 Mar 2006.

AU proposes 9 month Darfur mission - Sudan ready to reinforce it with 10,000 troops - half SPLA - within 3 wks

An unsourced news article from Khartoum 14 January 2006, claims Sudan proposed in meetings of the AU's Peace and Security Council the formation of an army representing Sudan government, the AU and the armed groups in Darfur.

Next day, AFP reported Sudan proposed a tripartite force for Darfur. An IOL report on the same day said such a proposal was likely to be fiercely opposed by rebel movements who want Western troops to take over from the AU peacekeepers.

[Links to the reports can be found in Sudan Watch blog entry: Sudan proposes formation of joint army force of GOS/Rebel/AU troops for Darfur and offers to partly finance AU troops in Darfur]

Note, Reuters report today by C. Bryson Hull and T. Tadesse - excerpt:

AU Commission Chairman Alpha Oumar Konare recommended extending the AU mission in Sudan (AMIS), suggesting that the AU may try to push for more time to persuade Sudan to accept a U.N. presence in its vast western region.

"In the meantime, the AMIS operation should continue and be enhanced. I recommend that the (AU's) Peace and Security Council renew the mandate of the mission for a period of nine months, until December 31," Konare said in a report released before a meeting of the council.

That would be predicated on firm funding commitments from AU partners, intensified efforts to push the Darfur parties to agreement at peace talks in Abuja, Nigeria, and on finding a diplomatic solution to the crisis between Chad and Sudan, the report said.

The cost of extending the mission from April through December would be $218 million (125 million pounds) the report said. AMIS still needs an additional $4.6 million just to reach the end of March, it said.

Sudanese Foreign Minister Lam Akol said an AU decision to turn over its Darfur peacekeeping mission to the United Nations would spell the end of peace talks in Nigeria and any AU role in security in Darfur.

"It is imperative to underline the fact that the AU has absolutely no legal authority to transfer its mission to the U.N. or any other body," Akol said in a statement to the AU.

"As much as the government of Sudan would want AMIS to continue, should the AU choose to terminate its mandate in Darfur it is free to do so, and this will include all aspects of its involvement in security and the peace processes."

Friday's ministerial level AU meeting follows two days of intensive negotiations between the European Union, which has provided the bulk of the funding for the mission, the United States and Sudan's government.

Washington and the EU tried unsuccessfully to persuade Sudan to accept a U.N. force, the possibility of which prompted government-led protests in Khartoum this week and promises of jihad against any U.N. troops.

SUDAN READY TO REINFORCE

Sudan said however, that it would accept an extension of the AU mission and would reinforce the AU in Darfur with 10,000 troops -- half of them Sudanese armed forces and half former southern Sudanese rebel SPLA soldiers who have been integrated into the Sudanese army.

"This force can be deployed in Darfur within three weeks," Sudan said in a presentation to the council.
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Sudan says sending foreign forces to Darfur would encourage rebels

Mar 10, 2006 AP report via Sudan Tribune: As AU debates UN takeover in Darfur, Sudan FM calls to maintain African force - "The transition of the mission to the UN will represent a serious setback for the AU," Lam Akol told African foreign ministers gathered at AU HQ in Ethiopia to discuss the proposed hand-over. "Sending any foreign and non-African forces to Darfur would encourage the rebel movements to adopt more intransigent positions in the Abuja peace talks," he added.

Sudan's head of intelligence Sala Gosh given entry to UK

On March 1, 2006 the Guardian reported the UN was to impose sanctions on 10 members of Sudanese government and a UN Security Council resolution, sponsored by Britain, will recommend a travel ban, a freeze on overseas accounts and other assets, and, possibly, the issuing of warrants by the International Criminal Court, which deals with crimes against humanity.

Note, the report revealed Sudan's interior minister, defence minister and the director of its national intelligence service are named in a confidential list of individuals who could be considered for sanctions by the UN Security Council over their alleged role in the conflict in Darfur.

Also, it stated "a British official said the resolution naming individuals in "close to double figures" would be put in the next fortnight; the names would not be revealed beforehand, for fear they would move their assets or go into hiding, but at least one was a senior member of Sudan's armed forces."

Today (March 10) a BBC report tells us one of those officials suspected of involvement in mass killings in Darfur has been on a secret visit to London. Excerpt:

Officials revealed Salah Abdallah Gosh, head of Sudan's national security and intelligence service, was given a visa. He came to get medical treatment and has now left, they said.

Mr Gosh is said to be the third in command in the Sudanese hierarchy dealing with Darfur. He is one of a number of officials reported to have been named in a confidential report from a United Nations panel of experts as people who should be prosecuted at the International Criminal Court.

An annex to the report says he should be charged with failure to "neutralise and disarm non-state armed militia groups in Darfur; and command responsibility for acts of arbitrary detention, harassment [and] torture".

BBC world affairs correspondent Chris Morris says he also had close links with Western intelligence agencies, particularly with the US Central Intelligence Agency.

The US embassy in London declined to comment last night on whether any US officials had met Mr Gosh during his stay in London.

Photo: Maj. Gen. Salah Abdallah Gosh, Sudan's intelligence chief

Further reading:

Apr 29 2005 Reuters excerpt: The chief of Sudan's Mukhabarat intelligence agency, Maj. Gen. Salah Abdallah Gosh, told the [LA] Times: "We have a strong partnership with the CIA. The information we have provided has been very useful to the United States." Sudanese Foreign Minister Mustafa Osman Ismail acknowledged in an interview that the Mukhabarat already had served as the eyes and ears of the CIA in neighboring countries, including Somalia, a sanctuary for Islamic militants

Jun 17, 2005 Sudan Tribune Sudanese intelligence visitor split US officials - LAT

Jun 17 2005 Washington Times report by Bill Gertz: US probes reported Sudan link to terror - U.S. intelligence and security agencies are investigating reports that Sudan's government has renewed its covert support for al Qaeda and other Islamic terrorists

Jun 20 2005 Sudan Watch (Further reading) Al-Qaeda said angry at Sudan for passing data to US

Nov 20 2005 CIA met Gaddafi - Sudan rounded up extremist suspects for questioning by CIA

Dec 25 2005 Sudanese official nominated as Arab League envoy in Iraq - ICC has list of 51 names of suspected Darfur war criminals

Feb 21 2006 List of top wanted Janjaweed leaders - Who's who on Darfur (African Confidential)

Feb 22 2006 Financial Times Sudan ministers named in leaked UN Darfur list



Photo: Sudanese security chief Salah Abdullah Gosh (SMC/ST)

UN to halve Darfur refugee aid

"In view of the limited access to some areas and a reduced number of field staff, UNHCR has been compelled to downsize its operation in Darfur by almost half, while attempting to keep a certain level of flexibility," the Geneva-based agency said. Full story CNN 9 March 2006.

Khartoum and AU will have little choice but to accept a bigger and more robust UN mission in Darfur

According to a report by the BBC's Jonah Fisher in Khartoum March 9, 2006, Western diplomats are convinced that in the long-term, Khartoum and the AU will have little choice but to accept a bigger and more robust UN mission in Darfur. Also, any UN takeover is likely to take between six and nine months - and the transfer would initially involve little more than a change of hat colour for the soldiers, from green to blue.

The report notes that "having regularly criticised the AU mission throughout its one-and-a-half years in Darfur the Khartoum government has suddenly become its biggest supporter."

Maybe this is all part of the international community's strategy to get Khartoum to agree an expanded mandate for AU troops in Darfur to act as peacekeepers not just truce monitors - while at the same time putting pressure on the Darfur rebels to reach agreement at the peace talks. Khartoum has agreed to consider UN forces when a peace agreement is reached. All along, the Darfur rebels pushed for UN troops in Darfur - another reason why Khartoum is so against a UN force in Darfur. Whatever, a peace agreement will be reached eventually, after which UN peacekeepers will be in Darfur as part of the deal.

Next thing that will happen is trouble flaring up by Sudanese rebels in eastern Sudan who feel as marginalised as those in Darfur, western Sudan. Eastern Sudan is not yet part of any wealth and power sharing deal. And so it is likely to go on, for years.

Hundreds of millions of dollars in the government's accounts but few new buildings in southern Sudan's capital, Juba

March 9, 2006 BBC report says little of the 4.5bn US dollars pledged a year ago for reconstruction by donors has so far reached the southern Sudanese people:

UN envoy in Sudan, Jan Pronk, has told donors in Paris that setting up systems to oversee spending in an area devastated by war took time.

The BBC's Jonah Fisher in Sudan says frustration is growing that Sudan's peace deal has yet to deliver badly needed improvements in basic services.

He says oil revenues are available, but the capacity to deliver remains low.

There are hundreds of millions of dollars in the government's accounts but few new buildings in southern Sudan's capital, Juba.

Major projects to create schools, hospitals and roads have yet to begin and teachers, soldiers and civil servants have not been paid.

The delays are blamed on the slow implementation of the peace deal that ended 21 years of war in the south; the teething problems of the new southern administration and conditions attached to aid to prevent corruption.

At the Paris meeting, the vice-president of Sudan, Salva Kiir, who comes from the south, made a point of asking the donors not to make funding for redevelopment contingent on progress to resolve the three-year conflict in the western region of Darfur.

World Bank hosts meeting on Sudan aid

Pravda March 9, 2006 reports the World Bank met Thursday with Sudanese leaders and international donors to review development aid amid continuing conflict between the government and rebels in Darfur. Excerpt:

The north-south conflict was separate from the continuing violence in Darfur in the west. Pronk insisted that aid to southern Sudan should not depend on progress on talks over Darfur.

US Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick, however, said before the World Bank donor talks: "We cannot consider the (funding plan) without addressing the ongoing conflict in Darfur."

In meetings Thursday and Friday, officials from the World Bank, the United Nations, the United States and other donor countries were meeting with representatives of Sudan's north and south to discuss that aid and reconstruction and development efforts, reports the AP.
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Mar 9 2006 (UK DIFD) Benn calls for immediate aid for Africa food crisis from new Humanitarian Fund

South Sudan land mine blast prompts threat of UN team expulsion by Sudanese authorities

Reuters March 9, 2006 reports a land mine has killed one child and injured four in the town of Malakal, south Sudan, the latest in a string of blasts prompting Sudanese authorities to threaten UN mine clearers with expulsion from the area, officials said.

"We have ordered them (deminers) to either start their work and finish it as soon as possible, or they leave the town immediately," deputy governor of the large town of Malakal, Dok Jok Dok, said late on Wednesday.

The mine explosion on Saturday was the 11th incident in Malakal town in the past eight months, where most of the victims have been children. Fifteen have been killed and more than 20 have had limbs amputated.

PHR: email or fax AU Chair Konare to help civilians in Darfur - International Women's Day not observed by Sudan's New Government of Unity

On International Women's Day [read Janjaweed rape babies] 8 March 2006, Irish aid agency GOAL Sudan team helped some rural Sudanese women to gain more respect and autonomy from the men in the community.

GOAL's schooling for girls and adult education for women has proved a winning combination in improving the position of women in a rural village in north Sudan.

In Rumbek, the South Sudan government together with NGOs, UN agencies and other institutions took the opportunity of International Women's Day to press for the observance of women's rights in Sudanese liberated areas of SPLM/A, reports Sudan Tribune but, sadly, the article makes no mention of the rest of Sudan.

Contact the AU chairman, Mr Alpha Oumar Konare, and urge him to support an expanded peacekeeping force in Darfur

Here is a message to us all from Physicians for Human Rights March 8, 2006:

On International Women's Day: Take action to help civilians in Darfur

As we celebrate International Women's Day, tens of thousands of Sudanese women are at risk of being raped, both in Darfurand in refugee camps in Chad. Government-sponsored militias continue to kill civilians in the Darfur region, and now the violence is spilling over into neighboring Chad. Yet there are only 7,000 African Union soldiers patrolling this region, which is the size of France.

At the United Nations there is growing momentum to transition the under-resourced African Union force into a United Nations peacekeeping force. On March 10, leaders of the African Union will meet to decide whether to invite a United Nations peacekeeping mission to join or supplant the current AU mission. This is a critical opportunity to call for a UN force large enough to protect civilians under threat in Darfur.

On International Women's Day, please join PHR in taking action to help civilians in Darfur!

What you can do:

Please contact the AU chairman, Mr. Alpha Oumar Konare, and urge him to support an expanded peacekeeping force in Darfur.

See our website to learn more:
http://www.phrusa.org/research/sudan/

[Note link leads to a sample letter urging Mr Konare to exercise his leadership by formally requesting from the UN Security Council an effective transition of the AU forces to a Chapter 7 UN peacekeeping operation. I have now emailed Mr Konare and signed it with my full name and link to this blog entry]

What You Can Do Now

E-Mail or Fax Mr Alpha Oumar Konare, Chairman of the African Union Commission

Declare your support for this vital intervention as the only way to adequately protect the lives and safety of civilians in Darfur.

Contact information for Chairman Konare:
E-mail: KonareAO@africa-union.org
Fax: (251) 11 5513036
Tel: (251) 11 5514554 / (251) 11 551 77 00 ext. 120
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Mar 8 2006 Press Release by Darfur-Canadian Women Association
E-mail: darfurwomen@yahoo.ca
Telephone: (403) 217-9121
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Statement by the Women Delegates to the Darfur Peace Talks, in Abuja, Nigeria, on the Occasion Of the International Women’s Day March 8, 2006.
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Mar 8 2006 From the UN website, this early history of International Women's Day - with thanks to DSTPFW.

Chief editor of Khartoum's al-Watan newspaper arrested

Local media in Khartoum reported a bounty of 100,000 US dollars placed on the head of the UN special envoy Jan Pronk by the leader of the Sudanese General Students' Union, Mohamed Abdallah Sheikh Idris.

In reaction to threats made against Mr Pronk by militant youth, Sudanese police arrested the chief editor of al-Watan newspaper Sidahmed al-Khalifa to investigate the announcement made by the islamist student organisation.

Full article (ST Khartoum) March 8, 2006.

Update Mar 9: Al-Azaim was also detained.

US hopes Libya could expand its mediation efforts for peaceful solution to Darfur conflict

China View March 8, 2006 reports US Special Assistant to the President on African Affairs Jendayi Frazer said the US supports the African Union's efforts to help restore peace in Darfur, according to the reports from Libyan capital Tripoli. Excerpt:

Frazer, who arrived in Tripoli on Tuesday for a two-day visit, said at a press conference that the US supports the AU's actions in Darfur and would like to see an extension of AU peacekeeping mission's mandate in the region with the logistic and financial assistance of the UN.

Frazer said her Libya tour is for the purpose of holding talks with Libyan and African leaders to seek effective cooperation in building a good future for the people in Darfur. She also praised Libya for its efforts to bring about a peaceful solution to the conflict in Darfur and expressed hopes that Libya could further expand its mediation efforts.

On US-Libyan ties, Frazer said the two countries enjoy sound relations that are growing ever better.

Darfur summit in Egypt to host leaders from Sudan and Libya

UPI report March 8, 2006 confirms Egypt will host leaders from Sudan and Libya in a three-way summit next week to address the ongoing crisis in Darfur ahead of the upcoming Arab summit to be held in Khartoum on March 28-29.

Leaders from the three north African countries met one month ago in Libya where they voiced collective opposition against plans to replace the current 7,800-strong African Union peacekeeping force with a U.N. mission.

Egyptian President on European Tour

Cairo, March 9, 2006 (BNA) Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak left today for Rome within his European tour that will take him to Italy, Austria and Germany.

This tour came to contain important issues at the Arab and international levels. Mubarak will discuss during his tour the situation in Iraq and Palestine in addition to the developments in Darfur.

Khartoum to consider UN role in Darfur once peace agreement reached

News just in from Reuters says Sudan may consider allowing a UN mission into Darfur once a political settlement to the conflict in the area is reached, Sudanese Vice-President Ali Osman Mohamed Taha said on Wednesday.

"If there is a political settlement then by way of providing guarantees to make the settlement hold, then we can look into the role of the UN," he told Reuters.

Update: Mar 9 2006 Reuters - Taha said Sudan could consider an unspecified UN role if peace talks with rebels being held in the Nigerian capital Abuja yielded a political settlement to the conflict. But Solana said that was too limited. "That goes a little bit too far, because that means he only will accept after the Abuja talks have given a result, but we cannot risk not to start with the planning if necessary in case the Abuja talks take longer," Solana told Reuters.

Dr Rod Pullen appointed as UK's Special Representative at Darfur peace talks in addition to Dr Alan Goulty

UK Foreign and Commonwealth Press Release March 8, 2006 reveals the Foreign Secretary today announced in a written statement to the Houses of Parliament that Dr Rod Pullen, a senior grade diplomat and experienced Ambassador who has spent much time in Africa, has been appointed as the UK's Special Representative at the Inter-Sudanese Peace Talks on Darfur. He took up his position on 6 March.

This appointment is a further indication of the British Government's commitment on this issue. It is in addition to that of Dr Alan Goulty, HMA Tunis, who will continue as the UK's Special Representative for Darfur. Dr Goulty will continue to focus primarily on pushing the parties to reach a comprehensive and viable agreement and on getting key regional players (especially Eritrea, Libya) and the international community on-side. He will continue to visit Sudan as necessary, in consultation with HMA Khartoum. He will also be expected to pay occasional visits to the Abuja talks, in consultation with Rod Pullen, if there is a particular requirement.

The Darfur Peace Talks are held under African Union mediation. The UK is a key international partner to the talks, and has maintained an observer at the talks in support of the AU since the beginning. In response to the unacceptably slow progress made by the parties to the Peace Talks, the UK has appointed Dr Pullen as its Special Representative.

Darfur: EU and partners will give AU all the support they need and produce a road map for their peace process

This sounds like good news. IRNA reports that European Union High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy, Javier Solana told reporters after a series of meetings held in Brussels today that, quote:

"We cannot maintain the situation in Darfur as it is now. We have to give to the African Union all the support they need. We have to produce a road map for their peace process."

Photo: Alpha Oumar Konare, Javier Solana and Louis Michel address a joint news conference after discussing the situation in Sudan, in Brussels March 8, 2006. (Reuters/ST).

Alpha Oumar Konare, Chairman of the African Union (AU) Commission, Ali Osman Mohamed Taha, Vice-President of Sudan, Robert B. Zoellick, US Deputy Secretary of State, UN Assistant Secretary-General for Peace-keeping Operations attended the meetings.

Konare said he was very satisfied to see "that our partners will support the political process and the establishment of the road map."

Note, the meetings come a day ahead of the multi-national Sudan Consortium meeting to be hosted by the World Bank on Thursday in Paris to discuss the financial needs caused by the conflicts in Sudan.



Photo: Alpha Oumar Konare, Chairman of the African Union Commission is seen prior a meeting at the EU headquarters in Brussels, Wednesday 8 March 2006. The havoc in Darfur, in western Sudan, where some 400,000 people are reported to have been killed and more than two million displaced, is worsening at an alarming rate. The chaos has been spreading west into neighboring Chad for the past few years as more than 200,000 Sudanese have fled across the border from Darfur into eastern Chad. (EPA/OLIVIER HOSLET)

Sudan Tribune reports today that the above discussions were notably to focus on plans to the transfer to UN control of an African Union-run peacekeeping mission in the western region, torn by ethnic conflict since 2003.

"We are going ... to get very serious on Sudan," EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana said on the eve of the talks.



As well as the continuing violence in Darfur, they were also discussing problems with Sudan's North-South peace agreement, in particular discord over oil revenues, as well as relations between Sudan and Chad.

"Peace in the whole of Sudan is vital, not only for this big country - the biggest in Africa - but also for the entire African continent and the Arab world," said Solana.

Update: VOA news - EU Offers Support to African Peace Efforts in Darfur.

African Union: Support UN Protection Force for Darfur (Human Rights Watch, March 8, 2006)

African Union: Support U.N. Protection Force for Darfur (Human Rights Watch, March 8, 2006): "African foreign ministers meeting in Addis Ababa on Friday should call for a transition of the African Union Mission in Darfur to a larger United Nations peacekeeping force with more resources to protect civilians from increasing attacks, Human Rights Watch said today." [via Coalition for Darfur, with thanks]

Southern Sudan: Khartoum Reneges on Promises (Human Rights Watch, March 8, 2006)

More than a year after the Sudanese government and southern-based rebels signed the peace agreement that ended their 21-year war, Sudan's ruling party has failed to undertake promised reforms that would help end human rights abuses throughout the country, Human Rights Watch said in a briefing paper released today. See Human Rights Watch, March 8, 2006 report: Southern Sudan: Khartoum Reneges on Promises. [via Coalition for Darfur with thanks]

South Sudan ceasefire violation: SAF ambush SPLA forces at Kharasana nr oil-rich Abyei, killing 12, wounding 26 soldiers

Reuters March 8, 2006 reports a ceasefire violation in South Sudan: SAF militia allied to Sudan's army killed up to 12 former southern rebel soldiers in the first clashes since the two sides signed a peace deal last year to end Africa's longest civil war, officials said on Wednesday.

A senior UN military source in Khartoum said the ambush, which happened at around midnight (2100 GMT), was being investigated by UN peace monitors in the oil-rich region of Abyei in central Sudan. The attack was in the town of Kharasana, about 40 km (25 miles) north of the regional capital Abyei town.

Note, South Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement does not cover separate conflicts in Sudan's east and the western Darfur region.

Sudanese students offers reward for head of UN envoy

What is the matter with these people? Perhaps the extract below [see Darfur: The dangerous game of Sudan's ruling party] related to the following article, gives some clues.

March 7, 2006 article from Khartoum at Sudan Tribune says in a new development of the continual mobilization against the UN takeover in Darfur, a pro-ruling party student organization said it would reward Pronk's head. Excerpt:

According to AL-Watan daily newspaper, president of the General Union of Sudanese Students Mohamed Abdallah Sheikh Idriss has announced a 100,000 US dollars' reward for the head of the UN representative to Sudan, Jan Pronk.

About 200 Sudanese students demonstrated on Tuesday urging the United Nations to leave their country and calling it a colonial force, days ahead of a decision to deploy U.N. troops to the violent Darfur region.

"This is our message to you Jan Pronk: Get out of our country, leave immediately," Sheikh Idriss, told the chanting crowd. Pronk is the top UN envoy in Sudan.

Sheikh Idriss warned that all the students of Darfur stood against any foreign intervention pointing out that in the universities of Khartoum alone there were more than 9,000 students, who were all time bombs ready to go off in the face of tyranny.

Photo: There is growing anger about the possible deployment of UN forces (BBC) - see today's news of protests over Darfur peacekeepers.
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Darfur: The dangerous game of Sudan's ruling party

Excerpt from a related comment at Sudan Tribune dated March 6, 2006:

"The danger today is not international intervention but the very dangerous game played by the National Salvation Revolution leaders and their ruling National Congress Party (NCP) with the international community, which may lead to their own defeat and the country's destruction.

The scenario of this dangerous game began with voices rising from influential sides in the government warning that the transfer of the Darfur mission meant that Al-Qaidah would be involved and that the organization's members would infiltrate the region from nine fronts. This was followed by the inauguration of the so-called Darfur Jihad Organization, an armed group set up to resist intervention by foreign troops in coordination with, as its founding statement said, "all the Jihadist organizations on the Islamic arena".

Another organization, the Exterminator of Evil Forces was also created. The Sudanese Media Center (SMC), which is closely linked to the government, said to have received a statement from the group, in which the organization denied having links with Al-Qaidah. The Salvation government has created a conducive environment for the formation of such organization by calling for mobilization and jihad against the UN troops and announcing what was said to be "the one million men swearing the oath of death"."

Libya, US discuss relations and Darfur problem

Libya's LJBC News reports March 8, 2006 that Libya's Secretary of Cooperation Affairs at the Secretariat of Foreign Liaison and International Cooperation discussed with the US Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, Jendayi Frazer, the prospects of cooperation between the two countries.

During this meeting, attended by the director of European Department at the GPC for Foreign Liaison and International Cooperation and the head of the American Liaison Office to Libya, the means of promoting this cooperation at different levels were addressed.

Jendayi Frazer praised the efforts made by Libya to find peaceful solutions to the problem in Darfur and eastern Sudan.

Libya and the US underlined the importance of finding a political fair solution to the Darfur issue through negotiations and dialogue among the disputing parties, in addition to continue support to the efforts made within the framework of the African Union.

Libya receives Sudanese Vice-President Ali Taha

Libya's LJBC News reports Mar 8, 2006 Libyan leader Col Gaddafi received on Tuesday evening, Ali Uthman Mohammed Taha, the Vice-President of Sudan.

Taha briefed Col Gaddafi on the latest developments concerning the problem in Darfur, which Sudanese President Al-Bashir has briefed the Libyan leader about its latest developments in his telephone call earlier Tuesday.

Libya's Secretary of AU Affairs at the GPC for Foreign Liaison and International Cooperation attended the meeting.

EU pays for 60% of AU operation and could help further - EU, US push Sudan for UN mandate in Darfur

EU, AU and UN Sudan talks underway in Brussels. Reuters/WP report by Ingrid Melander, Mar 8, 2006 confirms EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana and Development Commissioner Louis Michel began a day of meetings with African Union and Sudanese leaders as well senior United Nations and US officials. Excerpt:

Talks kicked off with a working breakfast between Solana and the Sudanese Vice-President Ali Osman Mohamed Taha. "Taha is a key player in the Sudanese government ... We hope he hears the message" on shifting to a UN mandate, an EU official said.

AFRICANS MUST PLAY A KEY ROLE

US Deputy Secretary of State Robert Zoellick, due to join the talks during the day, said he would push for a UN mission. "We believe that, to the maximum extent possible, the AU forces in Darfur should be incorporated into the UN mission in which Africans should play a key leadership role," Zoellick said in a statement before leaving Washington. "No one party can do it alone -- Africans must play a key role, the Government of National Unity in Sudan must assume responsibility, and the UN. must be active as well," he added.

NO EU BOOTS ON GROUND

At the Security Council's request, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan has begun planning for a shift from a 7,000-strong AU force to a larger and better equipped UN mission for the troubled area. UN officials have sought NATO and EU support.

The African Union will meet on Friday in Addis Ababa to decide whether to hand its mission to UN command. Sudan has been lobbying AU states to reject this changeover.

The EU was also pressing the Sudanese authorities to inject new urgency into stalled negotiations with Darfur rebels in the Nigerian capital Abuja, the official said.

On the eve of the talks, Solana played down the possibility of European troops getting involved on the ground.

"I'm sure the Africans will prefer to do it themselves," he told a news conference in Innsbruck, Austria, on Tuesday, when asked if he expected European boots on the ground. "The African Union does not want any," Solana said, adding: "If it was the UN., it could be open. But it is very logical that the bulk of the force will be Africans."

He noted the EU already pays for 60 percent of the AU operation and could help further with strategic airlift, logistics and communications.

African Union Commission Chairman Alpha Oumar Konare was also to take part in Wednesday's talks along with Hedi Annabi, U.N. Assistant Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations. (Additional reporting by Mark John in Innsbruck)

See Mar 7 2006 EC Press Release - European Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid, Louis Michel, will call all parties for more progress in the peace talks on Darfur, in a series of high level meetings with the UN, the African Union, the USA and the Sudanese Government, tomorrow in Brussels.

Protests over Darfur peacekeepers

Do the protests over Darfur peacekeepers not make you feel sick? Khartoum has a knack for gathering protestors to march against any move to protect the people of Darfur. Who are the protestors? Are they paid by Khartoum? Why do they (and Africans and Arabs elsewhere) never protest about the suffering of their brothers and sisters imprisoned in refugee camps many who are still dying from malnutrition, disease and attacks in their own country by fellow citizens.



Photo: Thousands of Sudanese protest against UN force (Reuters) by Opheera McDoom and Jilan Sherif Mar 8, 2006.

In a BBC report today, the BBC's Jonah Fisher says although 10,000 United Nations troops are being deployed to southern and eastern Sudan, the prospect of a UN mission in the west is unacceptable to many Sudanese. Excerpt:

Stirred up by violent rhetoric in Islamic newspapers, many thousands of people are expected to march to the UN headquarters.

Our correspondent says many believe their country's sovereignty is at stake, with the West eager to turn Sudan into another Iraq.

Death threats against Western diplomats have been published and militia groups have warned of a holy war.

Photo: AU soldier in Kalma Camp, South Darfur faces a crowd holding a placard saying "WE NEED INTERNATIONAL FORCE TO PROTECT US" (Courtesy flickr file of Andrew Heavens, a journalist based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia who authors Meskel Square blog)

Protestors included militias backed by Khartoum government

Mar 8 2006 UPI report at Washington Times:

Sudanese, shouting "Down, down, USA" and "Jihad, victory, martyrdom," marched through Khartoum protesting a United Nations plan to protect those in Darfur.

The protesters, numbering in the thousands, condemned a U.N. plan to take over peacekeeping operations in the Darfur region, where violence has already killed more than 200,000 civilians and made about 2 million others homeless.

The marchers included militias backed by the Khartoum government, the BBC reports. Currently, a 7,000-man force of the African Union is involved in peacekeeping efforts, but the force is facing financial problems.

The BBC report said Sudan has vowed to leave the AU if the body allows the United Nations to take over to end the violence. Many of those opposed to the plan accuse the West of wanting to turn Sudan into another Iraq.

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Mar 8 2006 Coalition for Darfur points to a report by Reuters that says, quote:

"The protestors handed a statement to UN offices demanding the immediate eviction of the top UN envoy in Sudan, Jan Pronk. Sudanese women bearing kalashnikovs joined the march, declaring their readiness to fight foreign troops.

The defense minister also rallied troops against intervention at a military demonstration in Khartoum.

"Jihad, victory, martyrdom," the soldiers chanted. "Our martyrs are in heaven, and we are ready," said Defense Minister Abdel Rahim Mohamed Hussein."

AU regrets Sudan's press campaign against AU troops

Sudanese press is not alone in denigrating the role of the African peacekeeping force in Darfur. It is happening in the western media too. AU soldiers deserve praise and medals, not unfair criticism for failing to stop a war.



Photo: African Union soldier at Kalma camp for internally displaced people near Nyala, southern Darfur, Sudan (by journalist Andrew Heavens at Meskel Square blog)

The AU's mandate in Darfur reduces its soldiers to act as monitors, not a protection force with Chapter VII mandate. Given the shortage of equipment and resources they have to work with, they are doing an excellent job and proving themselves to be great ambassadors of their home countries.



Photo: African Union soldier on parade outside his base at Nyala, southern Darfur, Sudan (Courtesy Andrew Heavens)

An AU spokesman says AMIS is the biggest mission ever mounted by the African Union since its inception, comprising more than seven thousand African men and women, who are proud to demonstrate African solidarity with the people of the Sudan. They have been performing their duties in the best manner possible, making great sacrifices on behalf of Africa. See Sudan Tribune article Mar 7 2006.



Photo: African Union troops parade in Nyala, southern Darfur, Sudan (Courtesy Andrew Heavens)

Note, the above article says some officials in Khartoum were recently quoted by the local press as saying that AMIS was causing the spread of the AIDS epidemic and carrying out Christianization activities in Darfur.



Photo: African Union soldier at Kalma camp for internally displaced people near Nyala, southern Darfur, Sudan (Courtesy Andrew Heavens)

Sudan, Egypt, Libya to hold new Darfur talks

AFP Mar 8, 2006 reports Sudanese President Bashir is to hold a new mini-summit on the Darfur crisis with his Egyptian and Libyan counterparts ahead of an Arab summit in Khartoum later this month, presidential advisor Mustafa Osman Ismail said Tuesday. Excerpt:

"The summit shall be convened before the Arab summit and it may be held either in Cairo or Tripoli," Ismail told reporters after Cairo talks with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Ahead of the meeting, he had said he expected the mini-summit to be convened within 48 hours. But afterwards he did not elaborate on how soon before the March 28-29 summit it would go ahead.

The three leaders already met in Misrata, Libya on Febraury 28 and voiced strong opposition to Western plans to replace an African Union force in Darfur with UN peacekeepers. Ismail Tuesday reiterated Khartoum's strong opposition to the plans. "Sudan’s position on this issue is clear, and that is that the AU forces should remain in Darfur and carry on their duties," he said."

Photo: Libyan leader Moamer Kadhafi (C) receives Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak (L) and Sudan's President Omar al-Beshir (R) as Libya hosts a two-day summit of African leaders on finding peace in Darfur, on May 16, 2005.

Mar 8, 2006 AngolaPress reports Egypt to host three-way summit on Darfur. Excerpt:

CAIRO,03/08 - Leaders of Egypt, Sudan and Libya will hold a three-way summit here next week to discuss the conflict in Sudan's western Darfur region, the official MENA news agency reported on Tuesday.

"A three-way consultative summit grouping Egypt, Libya and Sudan is to be held here (Cairo) next week," Sudanese presidential adviser Moustafa Othman Ismail was quoted as saying.

Ismail said that the three countries agreed to meet ahead of the upcoming Arab summit slated to be held in the Sudanese capital Khartoum on March 28-29.

Sudanese Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Samani al-Wasila al-Sheikh on Tuesday reiterated his country's opposition to the deployment of UN peacekeeping troops in Darfur.

"The best solution to the problem is to provide more material and logistic aid to the African Union peacekeeping troops to help them carry out the mission," al-Wasila told the Cairo-based "Voice of the Arabs" radio by telephone from Khartoum.

EU to hold talks with international officials on Darfur

AP Mar 7, 2006 reports European Union foreign policy chief Javier Solana will hold a series of meetings Wednesday with officials from the US, African Union and Sudan on how to advance international efforts to solve the conflict in Darfur, his office said. Excerpt:

The talks at EU headquarters will focus on how key donors like the EU and the United States can help spur peace talks between the Darfur rebels and the Sudanese government, his office said in a statement Tuesday.

Officials said Solana would hold talks with Deputy US Secretary of State Robert Zoellick, Sudan's Vice President Ali Osman Mohamed Taha and Alpha Oumar Konare, chairman of the AU's Commission.

UN Assistant Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Hedi Annabi also is to attend the round of talks aimed at keeping peace efforts alive. Peace talks between Darfur rebels and Sudanese officials in Abuja, Nigeria, are "crucial," the EU said.

"Only a political solution, based on mutual concessions by all sides, will enable this region to stabilize and its people to regain their confidence so that the displaced persons and refugees can return home," it said in the statement.

The Brussels talks also are expected to focus on ensuring that oil revenues are fairly split among ethnic groups in Sudan.

The AU's peacekeeping mandate expires at the end of March. On Friday, ministers are to discuss whether the AU should hand over the mission to the U.N. with the AU mission is quickly running out of funds.

The UN Security Council recommended on Feb 3 that the United Nations start planning to take over peacekeeping in Darfur. Secretary-General Kofi Annan has urged major powers to take part, saying an expanded force will need the kind of assets only a highly capable military can provide. (ST/AP)

International Men's Day 8 March 2006 - If men are raped they need four female witnesses to support charge

Excerpt from The Secretary-General's remarks on International Women's Day:

The theme of this year's International Women's Day -- the role of women in decision-making -- is central to the advancement of women around the world, and to the progress of humankind as a whole.

As the Beijing Declaration tells us, "women's empowerment and their full participation on the basis of equality in all spheres of society, including participation in the decision-making process and access to power, are fundamental for the achievement of equality, development and peace."

More than ten years after the Beijing Declaration, we still have far to go in ensuring that half the world's population takes up its rightful place in the world's decision-making.

Yeah sure, whatever. How ridiculous would it sound for men to need an International Men's Day?



Photo via Photo via Congo Watch: Sexual abuse by men continues and women take brunt of human rights abuse.

Women and girls faced "horrific" levels of abuse in 2004 worldwide, Amnesty International said in its annual human rights review, blaming widespread rape and violence on a mix of "indifference, apathy and impunity". What has changed since 2004? Not a lot.

Hey guys - especially the ones in Khartoum - celebrate International Women's Day by reading The Crushing Burden of Rape Sexual Violence in Darfur.



And read about the janjaweed rape babies.

If you are a woman in Darfur who has been raped and you want to lay a charge, it is virtually certain that legal officers will automatically reduce your allegation to one of assault. If you persevere with your rape accusation, you will be told to do the impossible and provide four male witnesses to support your charge. As a result, sexual violence goes almost totally unpunished and is one of the biggest violations of women's rights in Darfur. Good eh? Well done chaps.

NATO rules out troop presence in Darfur

AP report Mar 7, 2006 saying NATO rules out troop presence in Darfur is no different from what NATO has been saying all along over the past year. Excerpt:

NATO Secretary General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer ruled out on Monday sending troops from the western military alliance to Sudan's strife-torn Darfur province. De Hoop Scheffer said he believed that NATO could help in the region during the transition phase from an African Union operation to one led by the United Nations but only with a clear UN mandate.

"Then we can discuss a NATO role, which I do see in the enabling sphere and not the boots of troops on the ground," he told reporters on the sidelines of a meeting of EU defence ministers in Innsbruck, Austria.

Update: Mar 7 2006 (PoTP) Jones: NATO not asked to intervene in Sudan - NATO officials have not been asked to prepare for taking a greater role in Darfur, despite widespread calls for more Western military support to stop the ethnic violence there, the alliance's commander told lawmakers Tuesday.

Libya sets up surveillance groups on Chad-Sudan borders

Report from AngolaPress Tripoli, Libya, March 6, 2006:

The African ministerial committee on the Chad-Sudan crisis has agreed in Tripoli to set up surveillance groups on the common borders of the two countries, Libyan Foreign Minister Abderrahman Chalgham has said.

Speaking at the end of the committee meeting in the Libyan capital Friday, Chalgham said the groups and military commissions would start soon.



The ministerial committee is to hold another meeting before the end of this month, he added.

The Libyan official said the decision to set up the control groups followed a report by the African Union (AU) Commissioner for peace and security, Said Djinnit.

He also explained that the committee identified 10 positions for surveillance, five on each of the two countries` borders, as well as the States expected to form the control groups and the mechanisms for their operation.

Chalgam described the Tripoli meting as "constructive, sincere and detailed," resulting in "practical" decisions to be translated into concrete actions on the ground.

In addition to Djinnit, Foreign Ministers or their representatives from Chad, Sudan, Central African Republic, Congo Brazzaville, and Burkina Faso's Youssouf Ouedraogo, current chairman of the executive council of the Community of the Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD), also attended the Tripoli meeting.

The ministerial committee was set up by a recent African mini-summit convened by the Libyan leader, Colonel Moammar Kadhafi, on the Chad-Sudan crisis.

Darfur rebels derail peace talks - Sudan's VP to attend

Opheera McDoom (Reuters) 6 March 2006 says the SLA rebel split is likely to stall African Union-sponsored peace talks, just as other rebel divisions have helped derail six previous rounds of talks. Infighting has destabilised security in Darfur, where rape, killing and looting has forced 2 million people from their homes to miserable camps:

The head of the African Union mission in Sudan, Baba Gana Kingibe, said the group was powerful and had put the brakes on the AU-mediated talks in the Nigerian capital Abuja.

Sudanese Vice President Ali Osman Mohamed Taha is to travel to the talks to raise the stakes and expedite a deal, state-owned press reported on Sunday. Note, Mr Taha is due in Brussels tomorrow to discuss Darfur.

New split looms against Darfur rebels' SLM leader Nur

Here we go again. Whenever the Darfur peace talks reach a critical stage, trouble starts brewing in northeastern Sudan and the Sudanese rebels create a split. Darfur's rag bag army of rebels seem too hot headed and uneducated to be capable of discipline and responsibility. Give them an inch and they take a mile. No wonder they have been ruled by the stick for so long. They need someone with vision like John Garang to lead them by the nose and hold things together. The only joiner I can think of, who speaks their language in more ways than one, is Libyan leader Col Gaddafi.

Meanwhile in Darfur, anarchy reins, defenceless Sudanese women and children continue to suffer, and time ticks on while the dirt poor children grow up during war without receiving an education.

Mar 5, 2006 Sudan Tribune article says in a move justified by their opposition to the conclusion of a deal between their leader Abelwahid Mohmaed al-Nur and the Sudanese government, a 19 member group from the leadership of rebel group SLM decided to freeze the powers of Nur as chairman of the SLM. Excerpt:

"For his part, Abdelwahid said the 19 group is not qualified to take such decision, he also reiterated his decision to end the coordination with the other rebel groups which have been negotiating as a unified Front.

This is the second division within the SLM. After a conference convened in Haskanita, a rebel-held town in North Darfur state, the SLM is divided to two factions, Minawi faction and Abdelwahid faction.

These divisions will complicate the task of the AU Mediation team in Abuja. Also, it will conduct international community to make more pressures on the rebel group during the talks."

Sudanese Vice President Ali Taha to visit Brussels

March 5, 2006 Bahrain News Agency reports Sudan's Vice President, Ali Othamn Mohammed Taha will visit Brussels next Tuesday for talks on Darfur with senior EU officials.

Sudan orders two US aid agencies to withdraw from Beja area, northeastern Sudan near Eritrea border

March 5, 2006 Associated Press says the Sudanese government has ordered the only two international charity groups to withdraw from the Beja area. No reason given.

Update 8 Mar 2006 (Reuters) Aid agency denies reports it was expelled from Sudan.



Photo: Beja people collect water in the rebel-controlled area of eastern Sudan, near the border with Eritrea June 4, 2005. (Reuters). The Beja Congress is an exiled group representing numerous eastern Sudan tribes. Last year, an alliance signed an accord with the Sudanese government to end its 16-year low-intensity conflict and support a separate peace deal that ended the 21-year southern civil war. The Beja group, however, rejected the accord, saying it failed to meet its demands for a share of wealth and power in the northeastern region.

Eritrea-Ethiopia border dispute

March 5, 2006 Strategy Page Someone Is Eventually Going to Lose says: "No good news here. Ethiopia is still mired in ethnic and political disputes that cannot be settled peacefully. Neighboring Eritrea has become a police state, and is demanding that Ethiopia back off in a border dispute. Neither nation can afford another round of warfare over the disputed border town of Badme. But the governments in both countries have pledged their political futures to getting Badme. Someone is eventually going to lose."

Further reading:

Mar 1 2006 Britain to host talks in London re Ethiopia and Eritrea border dispute

Mar 1 2006 Lift ban on helicopter flights, Annan tells Eritrea

Mar 3 2006 Feb 2006 UN report says Eritrea, Libya, Chad supply arms to Darfur rebels

The 21st century's most explosive commodity will be . . . WATER

There's plenty of it to meet the world's needs but too much of our supply is in the wrong places says a report at thebusinessonline.com by Allister Heath 5 March 2006, copied in full at Ethiopia Watch, for future reference: The 21st century's most explosive commodity will be . . . WATER

Note Feb 28 2006 Water to spark future wars: UK.

Jan 12 2006 Sudan's Chinese backed Merowe Dam is for the greater benefit of Sudan



Photo: South Sudanese drinks - via Sudan Watch Feb 23 2006 Drilling for Sudan's drinking water is more important than drilling for oil - handpumps are on the frontline of peacebuilding.

Gaddafi receives Darfur rebels' JEM president Khalil Ibrahim

LJBCNews 5 Mar 2006 reports Col Gaddafi received Saturday evening the Head of Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) in Darfur, Dr Khalil Ibrahim. Excerpt:

Dr Khalil Ibrahim informed the Leader of the latest developments in the region and the reconciliation process among different parties.

The Head of Justice and Equality Movement renewed his deep appreciation of the tireless and constant efforts made by the Leader with all sides to solve the problem in Darfur region and to consolidate peace and security there, underlining the dire need to continue these efforts made by the Leader who enjoys the trust and appreciation of all parties in the region and in Sudan in general.

Photo: Khalil Ibrahim, President JEM rebel group - via Sudan Watch archive Jan 20 2006 Darfur rebel SLM-JEM announce new alliance

AU, UN envoys discuss progress of Darfur peace talks and convening of the Joint Commission

Sudan Tribune reports on Mar 4, 2006 the AU Special Envoy for Darfur and Chief Mediator Salim Ahmed Salim, discussed the progress of the Darfur peace talks with UN Special Envoy Jan Pronk, currently on a visit to Abuja:

The two sides agreed on the urgency of convening a meeting of the Joint Commission, which had not met since October 2005, to enable the Sudanese Parties to examine the gravely deteriorating security situation and assume full responsibility for the repeated ceasefire violations.

Salim, expressed the determination of the AU Mediation to ensure that the present Round of Talks comes to a conclusion as soon as possible within the next few weeks.

Darfur rebel group JEM looking for trouble (again)

While the Darfur peace talks continue, JEM, one of the two main rebel groups in Darfur issue a Press Release 5 March 2006. Signed by Ahmed Husain Adam, it claims five waves of army/janjaweed battalions are now on the move, JEM are closely monitoring these military moves and will strike back at the appropriate time.

All-inclusive Darfur Conference - UN force in Darfur only upon AU request - Pronk

At long last, there is news today of an all-inclusive Darfur conference. I seem to recall that a few years ago, militia leaders were invited to peace talks but they did not turn up. Seems they were afraid of being attacked or arrested.

Surely this time might be different, especially after two years of Col Gaddafi's effort behind the scenes to broker peace for Darfur. He seems gifted at drawing people together and speaks their language, in more ways than one.

Today, a British reader posted a comment at Sudan Watch rightly noting:

"Libya has seen attempts by the Arab League and the AU to solve the crisis in Darfur fail in the past. Multi-party conferences took place in 2004 and 2005. In 2005, for example, the summit participants included the Egyptian President, the Libyan leader, the Nigerian President (also the AU chairman), the Sudanese President, the Eritrean President, and the Chadian President. Also attending was the Arab League Secretary General and representatives from a number of regional organizations. However two main Darfur rebel groups, the Sudan Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement, chose to stay away.

"Leaders from Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Nigeria and Chad voiced opposition to foreign interference in Darfur, stressing the issue should be solved within the AU framework."

But what is different this time is, the warring parties are under pressure from the UN and facing sanctions, travel bans, ICC inquiries and donor funding for development. Who knows, as an incentive to agree a ceasefire with the next few weeks they may even be offered ICC immunity and the role of UN troops in Darfur may be along the lines of the UN peacekeeping force agreed for South Sudan as part of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed January 2005.

Sudan Tribune article Mar 4, 2006 quotes UN envoy Jan Pronk as saying UN force in Darfur will only be upon AU request. Excerpt:

In a press statement after his meeting with the head of the government delegation in Abuja, Majdhub al-Khalifah, Pronk said talks on whether to hand over the AU's mission in Darfur to the UN should be held after the African Peace and Security Council meeting on 10 March.

Pronk said his meeting with Majzoub al-Khalifah tackled the importance of an all-inclusive Darfur conference, which required the participation of all the sons of Darfur, including the armed movements, the civil administrations and political parties.

Pronk said the meeting also discussed ways to stop militias attacking civilians pointing out that attacks were still continuing.

Salva Kiir to lead Sudanese delegation to donors conference in Paris

Sudan's First Vice-President, Salva Kiir, is to head the government delegation for the Second Donors Conference, scheduled in Paris on 8, 9 March, reports Sudan Tribune March 5, 2006.

Sudan's State Minister, Tilar Deng, described as important the meeting on Saturday concerning the oil revenues and he announced that the committee for the demarcation of the borders is due to meet within a period of one week to continue its tasks and to determine the locations of the oil fields.

See Feb 27 2006 Sudan to adopt new method on sharing of oil revenue.

The Economist: Chad - The danger of war spilling over

THE mayhem in Darfur, in western Sudan, where some 400,000 people may have been killed and 2m-plus displaced, is worsening. The misery is spreading west into neighbouring Chad, unhinging that country and threatening a proxy war with Sudan. What can be done?

Read the rest from The Economist print edition March 2, 2006.

Arab FMs meet to prepare for Arab summit in Khartoum

Arab foreign ministers or their reps started a two-day meeting at the Arab League HQ in Cairo on Saturday to prepare for an upcoming Arab summit slated for March 28-29 in the Sudanese capital Khartoum. Full article (China Broadcast) 4 Mar 2006.

Note how low on their agenda is Darfur.

King Abdullah receives phone call from Sudanese President

EIN News 4 Mar 2006 headline says "King Abdullah receives phone call from Sudanese President" but article is accessible by subscription only. More later, if I can find it.

Note Sudan is threatening to pull out of AU. Khartoum is due to host an Arab League summit at the end of this month.

Mar 30 2000 Arabic News - King Abdullah of Jordan received Sudanese Vice President Ali Othman Muhammad Taha and members of the accompanying delegation.

Jun 5 2005 Arab League chief tours Darfur - Sudan urges Arabs to support Darfur mission - SPLMs Garang leaves Egypt for Washington

Dec 25 2005 Sudanese official nominated as Arab League envoy in Iraq

Feb 22 2006 King receives invitation from Sudanese President to Arab Summit in Khartoum

Mar 2 2006 Al-Ahram Egypt: "There were some question marks here and there about whether or not Sudan is up to hosting the summit but now the issue is not being questioned," commented one Arab diplomat.

Mar 3 2006 Opinion piece by a Sudanese residing in Canada - Uganda's Museveni is the best choice for South Sudan

Arab Women Can Power Peace

Excerpt from Arab News op-ed Arab Women Can Power Peace:

Politicians have failed to bring about peace in many parts of the world. The Arab world in particular has suffered the most. There are many reasons behind the failed diplomacy. One of them is the absence of women in negotiations for peace.

The Jeddah Economic Forum this year focused more on the global role of women and their contributions to economic change. Women delegates presented the future vision of women and emphasized the importance of engaging women as builders of society and promoters of peace.

Wake up guys, it's time there were more women at top level peace negotiations. Mother knows best.

Russian peacekeepers to arrive in Sudan by end-April 2006

As reported here a few months ago, Russian peacekeepers will go to Southern Sudan to take part in the UN-led peacekeeping operation in the country as part of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CAP). Sudan Tribune 3 Mar 2006 reports the Russian air force will start airlifting Russian peacekeepers to Sudan in April, Army Gen Vladimir Mikhaylov, Russian air force commander-in-chief, told Interfax-Military News Agency 3 March. Excerpt:

"The advance task force will be taken to Sudan after 20 April," Mikhaylov said.

The task force will include representatives of all services who will prepare everything for accommodation of the main force, slated to be airlifted from 11 to 30 May.

The task force to be sent to Sudan from Russia will operate four Mi-8MTV helicopters, and 120 servicemen, fully armed and equipped. Also, over 100 tons of cargo and about 20 vehicles are to be airlifted.

Il-76, An-22 and An-124 Ruslan aircraft will make about 40 flights to airlift the task force with all required equipment and weapons, Mikhaylov said.

The Russian peacekeepers in Sudan will be a self-sustained force. Therefore, they will bring along all things required, including airfield equipment, engineering equipment, water purification and storage equipment and so on.

The airmen and technicians are now undergoing a training course in the 344th Torzhok army aviation training centre. The helicopters are being adjusted to meet UN requirements, Mikhaylov said.

Cholera kills 101 in South Sudan - 5,441 infected - UN

Red Cross and Red Crescent call for aid to fight cholera in south Sudan, reports AFP Mar 3, 2006.

A cholera epidemic in south Sudan has killed 101 people among 5,441 cases in past month and the water-borne disease is spreading, the World Health Organisation (WHO) said on Friday.

The outbreak at the town of Yei is "under control" but continues to rage in the regional capital Juba where 100-150 new cases are reported each day, down from a peak of 400 new cases a day, according to the UN agency.

"There is still a huge epidemic in Juba. We are also concerned that cholera has spread to areas surrounding the two towns," Claire-Lise Chaignat, WHO's global cholera coordinator, told Reuters.



Feb 23 2006 Drilling for Sudan's drinking water is more important than drilling for oil - waterpumps are on the frontline of peacebuilding.

Salva Kiir, Archbishop of Canterbury discuss peace process

The first vice-president Salva Kiir yesterday met the Archbishop of Canterbury Dr Rowan Williams in Juba and the delegation accompanying him.

The meeting was attended by the governor of Bahr al Jabal State, Clement Wani Konga, the Sudanese radio reported.

Kiir welcomed the delegation and gave a briefing on the progress of the implementation of the peace agreement, expressing his appreciation for their visit to southern Sudan and their concern for peace. Full article (ST).

Eyewitness to the war in Sudan writes account in new book

Oxford, UK (PRWEB) March 4, 2006 -- Sudan's Painful Road to Peace written by Arop Madut Arop, a renowned Sudanese journalist who has had unparalleled access to key players in Sudan's conflict (1983-2005). Available to order online at BookSurge.com, Amazon.com, Borders.com.

Give peace a chance - Sending UN into Darfur is no solution - Janjaweed will be very tough to stop by force alone

How can there be peace in Sudan if the tribal leaders are not part of the peace talks? Who disarms first, the rebels or the Janjaweed?

Eric Reeves' warmongering opinion piece and the latest news reports of Americans demanding that NATO troops be sent to Darfur I find rather worrying. I agree with Julie Flint's opinion piece in The Daily Star Lebanon, March 4, 2006, in which she says "keep it on hold while peace is given a chance".

Julie Flint op-ed - Sending UN into Darfur is no solution at all - excerpt:

"To protect the people of Darfur and get them home will require far, far more troops than anyone is currently prepared to offer or fund. Even if powerful countries put their money where their mouth is - and there is little sign of that at present - it is highly improbable that any force, whether UN, NATO, or AU, or a combination of all three, will be able to do anything but keep a peace that is agreed between the parties.

Darfur is tribal, and the tribes have to be part of the solution. The concerns of the Arab nomad tribes must be addressed, along with the longstanding mistrust of the Zaghawa - heightened since the war began by the abusive behavior of many of Minawi's forces. There are those in the American administration who have been urging a loya jirga-type meeting with the genuine representatives of the people of Darfur in the driving seat rather than the principals currently in Abuja, but they have not been heeded. Neither have those in the UN concerned that the organization's humanitarian staff and humanitarian operations may be penalized if a UN army is sent in without Khartoum's blessing. With Khartoum's blessing, of course, any UN force would be a toothless beast that would be little or no improvement on the AU.

Dialogue may not work, and unless real pressure is brought to bear on Khartoum, it will not even get off the ground. Plan for a bigger, braver mission in the event that it fails. But keep it on hold while peace is given a chance. The Janjaweed warriors, armed with a racist ideology and still backed by the Sudanese government, will be very tough to stop by force alone."

UNHCR - Chad/Sudan: Flight both ways; Central Africans moved away from border

Excerpt from a summary of what was said by UNHCR spokesperson Ron Redmond at the press briefing, on 3 March 2006, at the Palais des Nations in Geneva:

Population movements in both directions along the insecure Chad/Sudan border are continuing, with some 100-125 Sudanese refugees now arriving at Gaga camp in eastern Chad every day. On Tuesday, we reported that in a worrisome new development Chadians were also fleeing to Darfur because of insecurity in Chad. So now we've got refugees going in both directions in this increasingly volatile region. In eastern Chad, since January, a total of 3,600 new arrivals have been recorded at Gaga camp, with 1,500 arriving in February alone. UNHCR teams report that two-thirds of the new arrivals are from villages located on both sides of the Chad-Sudan border, around the Chadian town of Adre. The rest have travelled from camps for internally displaced people in western and southern Darfur.

March 3, 2006 UN News Centre report explains that Gaga camp, which has a capacity for 20,000 refugees, now has a population of 10,000. Some 200,000 refugees who have fled Darfur since 2003 live in 12 refugee sites in eastern Chad.



Oxfam Photo: A water distribution point in Gaga camp, Chad where Oxfam engineers built the water system.

See Oxfam Helps Set Up Gaga, a New Refugee Camp

Feb 3 2006 New Janjaweed attacks force more Darfuris into Chad camps

Sudan might pull out of AU - Sudan restructures armed forces

Sudan is a member of both the African Union and Arab League. Sudan's president recently failed in his bid to chair the African Union. Now, a Sudanese minister says his country might pull out of the African Union if the AU's Peace and Security Council approves replacement of the AU force in Darfur with a UN force, Aljazeera reports March 3, 2006. Excerpt:

Alsammani al-Wasilla, Sudan's minister of state for foreign affairs, has reiterated Khartoum's rejection of the proposal for deployment of international troops in Darfur, Aljazeera's correspondent in Khartoum said on Friday.

Powers to army

In an apparently unrelated development, the Sudanese army has introduced major changes to the structure of the armed forces, creating for the first time a joint chiefs of staff command, Aljazeera reports.

The new changes grant more powers to the Defence Ministry to assume full responsibility for strategic planning for the country's defence policy.

"The changes were inevitable in order to upgrade the combat and defence capabilities of the armed forces to protect the country's borders against external threats," Abdul Rahim Mohammed Hussein, the Sudanese defence minister, said.

US Senate approves proposal to send NATO troops to Sudan's Darfur

Focus News Agency March 3, 2006 says US Senate approved proposal NATO troops to be sent to Darfur AFP informs.

"President Bush must start cooperating immediately with African Union leadership and our NATO partners because we have decided to take up the task to stop the violence in Darfur. People there can't wait anymore someone to send UN forces", Senator Joseph Biden stated. The Senate's decision must be approved by George Bush before it can be executed.

Mar 3 2006 AP report
Mar 3 2006 Press Release from Sen. Biden Coalition for Darfur
Mar 3 2006 Sudan Tribune US Senate calls for NATO involvement in Darfur peacekeeping

UN, US discuss no-fly zone for Darfur - US and other powers should provide air cover for peacekeepers, Annan says

Extracts from Washington Post report by Colum Lynch March 2, 2006:

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan told the US that UN members should consider providing close air support in possible combat situations for several thousand AU troops in Darfur.

The UN is also requesting that governments with advanced militaries supply the African troops with sophisticated logistical and intelligence support and aircraft for ferrying troops around the province.

The Bush administration has sent four military planners to New York to help the UN plan for the transition. US officials say the military will likely airlift troops to Darfur and provide the mission with logistical and intelligence support.

One US military official involved with Africa said the Pentagon is considering ways to assist in Darfur but that the African Union would have to remain in the lead for now. "No final decisions have been made," the official said.

The official said the administration and the UN are in discussions about enforcing a UN ban on flights by the Sudanese aircraft that have been used in attacks on villages and rebels in Darfur. "What's been talked about is imposing a no-fly zone," he said.

Bolton, meanwhile, has distributed a paper to council members with elements for a Security Council resolution authorizing a new UN mission. The paper calls for the protection of civilians under threat and for the enforcement of a ban on offensive air flights by the Sudanese air force over Darfur. It would also provide authority to carry out preemptive strikes against groups that pose a threat.

Staff writer Ann Scott Tyson in Washington contributed to this report.

AU, EC meeting today underlined urgent need for Darfur peace deal - EU's African Peace Facility fund supports AMIS

African Union press release March 1, 2006 via AllAfrica March 2, 2006 - excerpt:

As regards Darfur, the meeting underlined the urgent need for a rapid and successful conclusion to the Abuja Talks. The EU called for a quick resolution on the future of AMIS, including a possible transition to the UN, as will be considered at the proposed Ministerial Meeting of the Peace and Security Council on 10 March 2006.

The meeting took note of the difficulty of sustaining funding for AMIS, including through the existing African Peace Facility resources, which will expire shortly. The EU indicated its willingness to continue its support to AMIS within the framework of the resolution referred to above.

Update: March 3 2006 AngolaPress EU wants AMIS placed under UN command

Aboul Gheit, Egyptian FM, says Darfur peace agreement must be reached before international troops are deployed

In a meeting with the British envoy to Darfur, Alan Goulty, Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit said Wednesday Africa must keep the main responsibility of restoring peace in Darfur, reports AP March 1, 2006:

"Aboul Gheit added that those involved in the conflict must reach a peace agreement before international forces are deployed, Egypt's Foreign Ministry statement said.

Solving Darfur's problems must be based on "a political settlement accepted by all sides and backed by wide popular support within the framework of a unified Sudan," the statement quoted Aboul Gheit as saying." (ST)

John Bolton, US Ambassador to the UN, says the term Darfur "genocide" sounds right

Opinion piece March 1, 2006 by James Forsyth at The New Republic Online - reprinted at Sudan Tribune - excerpt:

John Bolton is nothing if not direct. So it was unsurprising that when Time magazine asked him recently whether genocide is "the right term for what's happening" in Darfur, he gave a blunt response: "Sounds right to me."

Also note, US Department of State report at ReliefWeb March 1, 2006: US envoy Bolton sees critical need for UN peacekeepers.

Sir Emyr Jones Parry, UK Ambassador to the UN, urges Sudan, AU to back UN force for Darfur

AFP report March 1, 2006 says Britain's UN envoy Emyr Jones Parry urged Khartoum and the African Union (AU) not to reject a plan to replace the AU force in Darfur with a robust, Western-backed UN force. Excerpt:

"We would like to see the AU take a decision imminently to actually say we carried the burden, we carried it with dignity and that at this stage the best plan would be for the United Nations to take over that operation," Jones Parry said.

"The AU is certainly sending mixed signals at the moment but the previous report (in January) was unequovical that this should be handed over (to the UN)," Jones Parry told reporters here.

"The best thing the African Union and the government of Sudan can do in the next week or so is to agree the handover so that the whole resources of the UN can be mobilized to actually improve the situation in Darfur which has deteriorated recently" both in security and humanitarian terms, he added.