Sudan Watch blog and The Oslo Blog are at odds re military intervention in Darfur

Here's saying a warm hello to Andreas of The Oslo Blog, thanks for your reply to Reader's comment: "How can a nation-state be at war with a peacekeeping force? It's impossible".

Andreas is 24, studying Human Rights at Oslo University and Norwegian Center for Human Rights. His reply is highlighted here incase other readers feel up to sharing some thoughts and contributing to the discussion. It's emotionally draining and lonesome blogging Darfur. So many depressing news reports and sites to read up on when posting here. I sure could do with hearing from others who are concerned about Sudan, even if they don't agree with me. I rarely find any bloggers who share the same views on Sudan as I do. Drima of The Sudanese Thinker blog seems to be the only one. See Drima's thoughts on Darfur & the Continuing Dilemma. (Hi Drima, hope you are reading this). Comments would be welcomed at The Oslo Blog or in the Reader's comment post here below, or by email. Thanks.

PS I agree with Alex de Waal when he says, quote:

"I think the key thing to bear in mind is that the solution to Darfur is a political solution. No solution can be imposed by any amount of arm twisting, any amount of bluster, any amount of military force. Even if we sent 100,000 NATO troops, we would not be able to impose a solution. The solution has to come through political negotiation. And that, unfortunately, is a very slow process."

African leaders reiterate rejection of internationalising Darfur issue

Sep 10 2006 (China) PDO/Xinhua report excerpt:

African leaders on Saturday reiterated their rejection of internationalizing Darfur issue, and voiced support for Sudan's refusal to unauthorized deployment of UN peacekeepers in the war-devastated region.

In a statement issued at the end of an African Union (AU) gathering in the Libyan port city of Sirte, the leaders stressed that Africans were capable of solving their own problems, according to reports reaching here from Libya's capital Tripoli.

The participants to the meeting, aimed at marking the seventh anniversary of the organization's creation, urged the Sudanese government and the People's Liberation Army of Sudan, a main rebel group in Darfur, to implement the peace deal signed in Nairobi, Kenya, in January 2005, saying the AU would make continuous efforts to achieve a peaceful, lasting solution to the issue.

The statement also said African leaders had decided to solve the ongoing conflicts and to jointly cope with challenges facing the socio-economic development of Africa, so as to realize a comprehensive, lasting peace on the continent.

Reader's comment: "How can a nation-state be at war with a peacekeeping force? It's impossible"

This morning, I awoke to a nice and gentle sounding comment from a Sudan Watch reader called Rebecca, in response to my vent yesterday entitled Eric "non-consensual intervention" Reeves is off his rocker. Here's a copy of the comment, followed by my reply.

How can a nation-state be at war with a peacekeeping force? It's impossible.

We have a nation trying to eliminate three ethnic populations- Fur, Zaghawa, and Massaleit, and refusing to allow the UN Peacekeeping troops in. I was in the Security Council as an NGO observer when the African Union was virtually pleading with the United Nations to come to Western Sudan- the incredible challenges from the Khartoum government and many others is too great for any one continental force. If a country violently disobeys international law at the death of hundreds of thousands of people, it itself paves the way for the presence of a UN peacekeeping force.

I want nothing but peace, reconcilation, and justice for the largest country on the second largest continent,and the United Nations needs to be there, regardless of whether the radical Northern Sudanese regime wants to cooperate or not. The vast majority of Darfuris- "the people" themselves- want the U.N. on the ground. It's the regime that wages war, not the U.N, not Eric Reeves and other analysts.

Peace and solidarity,
Rebecca

Hello Rebecca, thanks. Here's my reply. Off the top of my head, my understanding is - and please correct me if I have the wording wrong - that until the reforms taking place at the UN are finalised, any UN/foreign force intervening militarily in a country against its will is an act of war that can be rightfully defended.

The self-proclaimed analysts and experts on Sudan (who mostly aren't remotely Sudanese - from what I've seen, they're mainly Blair and Bush haters living in the US and UK on a Darfur bandwagon driven by self interest, with pockets to fill, careers to boost, books to sell, movies to make, clubs to join - not to mention little empires to run that feed off donations from ordinary hard working folk) make me mad with their anti-peace actions.

They're bamboozling people through slick marketing and Machiavellian tricks and words that are way above the heads of most of us, including the poorly educated locals in Sudan and warm hearted folk in the West who don't like to think hard or see a need to do their homework before having a view on making war on Sudan.

Surely "non-consensual intervention" risks defeating the objective, creating a greater bloodbath and setting the tinder box of Africa alight? Read the placards in this photo and think about Sudan as a whole. Put yourself in their shoes. Would you want foreign troops that you did not trust invading your neighbourhood against your will?



Photo: Pro-Sudanese government demonstrators chant anti-U.N. slogans in the capital Khartoum August 30, 2006, during a protest march organised against the deployment of U.N. forces in war-torn Darfur. (Reuters/Mohamed Nureldin Abdalah/ Sudan Watch archive 7 Sep 2006)
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UPDATE: See Sep 10 2006 Sudan Watch blog and The Oslo Blog are at odds re military intervention in Darfur - please help.

Nigeria's peacekeepers return from Darfur to a warm welcome: another battalion from Shaki will soon be deployed to Sudan to replace them

Sep 10, 2006 news report from Lagos by Mutsa Machakaire via AND - excerpt:

The last group of the 680 troops who were sent to Sudan on a peacekeeping mission, arrived in Jos Airport, Nigeria on Saturday, regrettably one soldier passed away because of natural causes.

The Guardian said the officer who led the mission to Sudan, Lt. Col. Yusuf Abubakar Armak, told the general officer commanding the division, major general Julius Oshanupin that the contingent suffered nothing else apart from natural causes.

The seven officers and 54 soldiers arrived at 12:55 on a space world plane after spending their mandatory seven months in the Darfur region of Sudan.

The soldiers were told by Oshanupin that the nation was proud of them. He said their movement to the country for the mission was a great challenge, said the Guardian.

"But I am happy today that you have all gone there, you have seen it and are back home very safely to the warm arms of your colleagues and your dear families."

"I want to congratulate you for doing well and also that you as individuals have benefited from this operation," The Guardian quoted Oshanupin as having said.

He disclosed that another battalion from Shaki will soon be deployed to Sudan to replace the returning troops.

Going by what I've read, they've done their country proud, proving great peacekeeping skills, patience, professionalism, fortitude and diplomacy throughout tough rules of engagement and working conditions. They all deserve medals.



Photo and caption from Soldier of Africa in Darfur. "Aug 15, 2006: Yesterday afternoon we had the inaugural meeting of the new Sector 3 Cease Fire Commission (CFC). Hopefully we will have success as they monitor the implementation of the DPA (Darfur Peace Agreement)."

Darfur Chairman Minnawi forms peace committees

This sounds promising. Today, the Sudan Tribune publishes the following news article that hints at the Darfur-Darfur Dialogue and what might become of the Darfur rebels who broke away from JEM-Ibrahim and SLM-Nur to sign a Declaration of Commitment to the Darfur Peace Agreement.

Senior Assistant of the President of the Republic and Chairman of the Regional Interim Authority for Darfur Minni Menawi announced on Saturday formation of the committees concerned with implementing the Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA) as follows:

1- The Higher Committee for the Implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA), chaired by Engineer Abdul-Jabar Daousa.
2- The Wealth Committee, chaired by Dr. Al-Tigani Abdalla Badr.
3- The Power Committee, chaired by Abdalla Al-Tahir Abdalla.
4- The Legal Committee, chaired by Lawyer Abdul-Aziz Osman Sam.
5- The Information Committee, chaired by Mahjoub Hussein Mohamed.
6- The Security Arrangements Committee, chaired by Fadl-Essied Abdalla Fadl.
7- The Darfur-Darfur Dialogue Committee, chaired by Ali Hussein Daousa.

In the meantime, the Senior Assistant of the President of the Republic and Chairman of the Regional Interim Authority for Darfur said that formation of these committees constitutes the first step toward the implementation of the DPA prior to formation of the Interim Authority for Darfur.

He further said that the structures of the interim authority and nomination and appointment of the persons would be announced during the coming two days.

He added that the structures of the authority would include the two parties to the agreement and those who signed the Declaration of the Commitment to the agreement.

Wouldn't it be great if Ibrahim and Nur would get on board the Regional Interim Authority for Darfur and fight for what they want using non-violent means so that everyone can go home and grow their own food? Dream on.

Sudan ready for talks on Darfur - VP Taha says extended AU mandate would be welcomed

Sudanese Vice President Ali Osman Mohammed Taha said on Friday that if the AU decided to extend its forces' peacekeeping mandate in Darfur, then they would be welcomed by the Sudanese government. - Xinhua 9 Sep 2006.

Stop bombing North Darfur villages- SLA-Minnawi

Former rebels who signed a peace agreement with the government in May have denounced the new Sudanese military offensive to flush out rebel groups in North Darfur State, IRIN reported 7 Sep 2006 [via ST Sep 10]. Excerpt:

"The government's own security plan for the north is motivated by hidden agendas," Col. Ali Muktar, representative of Minni Minnawi's faction of the rebel Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A) on the African Union (AU) ceasefire commission, told IRIN on Thursday. "We do not support this plan and we do not participate in this plan."

"We urge the AU and the United Nations to urge the government to stop these military operations," he added.

Large swathes of territory in North Darfur are under the control of the National Redemption Front (NRF), a new alliance of rebels who did not sign the 5 May Darfur Peace Agreement between the government and Minnawi faction.

Local observers confirmed that the offensive started on 28 August when the villages of Abu Sakin, Kulkul, Sayah and Turra, approximately 35 km northwest of the capital El Fasher were attacked from the air by Antonov planes. Subsequently, Sudanese armed forces took over the area and pushed further northwards, recapturing Um Sidir on 31 August.

Although NRF rebels initially avoided a direct confrontation with the advancing government forces, they started to counter-attack after the loss of Um Sidir. Insecurity has been rampant since.

On Friday, Sam Ibok, the director of the AU Peace and Security Council, said 20 civilians had been killed and more than 1,000 displaced as a result of the offensive. International observers in North Darfur reported that civilians attempting to flee the Kulkul area in the direction of El Fasher were turned back by government troops.

Eric "non-consensual intervention" Reeves is off his rocker

GIF's News from Darfur [hat tip CFD] points to opinion pieces by American academic and activist Eric Reeves, a rebel loving American propagandist, and Daniel Davies, a British economist who is much more intelligent than Reeves. Excerpt from the piece authored by Reeves:

"It is deeply disingenuous to suggest that even an aggressively augmented AU could protect civilians in camps and rural areas, protect humanitarian workers and transport corridors, establish the security that will allow people to return to their lands - or to have any impact whatsoever on the accelerating military violence."

Vent. In another opinion piece Reeves doesn't seem able to bring himself to use the word "war" while pushing for it. He bamboozles his readers with words such as "non-consensual intervention" to con them into believing that war can sound humanitarian, less bloody, more palatable and the right thing to do. Eric Reeves is off his rocker. Makes one wonder what's in the water over there in leafy Boston. Hey Reeves, bug off out of the UK's Guardian and keep your warmongering nonsense your side of the pond. You are giving Americans a bad name. I hope your computer dies.

Sudan FM heads to Washington to meet US Bush

FM Lam Akol left Saturday evening for Washington on an official visit during which he will convey a message from President Omer al-Bashir to US President George Bush, ST reported 9 Sep 2006 - excerpt:

Bashir's message comes in reply to Bush's message conveyed by US Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Jendayi Frazer during her recent visit to Sudan at the end of August.

Frazer, had flown to Khartoum to convince Sudan to agree to the deployment of more than 20,000 U.N. troops and police in Darfur to take over from a struggling African Union mission there.

It is expected that Sudan would reiterated his proposal of the deployment of Sudanese army with former rebels who signed the Darfur Peace Agreement.

Wish we could see a copy of the message. I wonder what it says.

EU and China agree to launch negotiations on a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement

EU and Chinese leaders met in Helsinki Sep 9 for the 9th China-EU Summit and discussed Iranian nuclear issue, the Korean peninsular nuclear issue and Darfur. - Xinhua

US's Bolton says there is a legal basis for armed intervention in Darfur?

See The Oslo Blog 7 Sept 2006: Will "someone" make a military intervention in Darfur?

Hello Oslo Blog: Have you been brainwashed by gadfly Eric Reeves? Sorry to say I don't agree with you when you say "this intervention is more urgent and crucial in humanitarian terms than the invasion of Iraq." What will happen to the 3 million people inside Darfur in need of food and water when Khartoum declares a state of war and dismisses foreign workers from the country? How will food be delivered and camps adminstered? What will Bin Laden and his cronies do? Please see previous entry here below and the quote by Alex de Waal. Thanks.

International Criminal Court (ICC) - Darfur: Expert Observations No. 1 (Antonio Cassese)

This caught my eye at International Crimes Blog, 5 Sep 2006

International Criminal Court (ICC) - Darfur: Expert Observations No. 1 (Antonio Cassese)

Noncompliance with the Court's measures may be reported to the Security Council for further action under Article 87(5)(b).[9] Taken to this level, the request could result in an increased presence of U.N. "peacekeepers" in the region.

This proposal raises interesting questions. By invoking the power of the U.N. and its monitoring authorities in the course of an investigation, does the ICC become a driving force for international intervention in the conflict-ridden area of Darfur?

Sudan's Camp Rwanda in deadly Tawila, N Darfur (Lydia Polgreen)

Darfur trembles as peacekeepers' exit looms
By LYDIA POLGREEN The New York Times
September 9, 2006 via IHT - excerpt:

"... Many who live here say the camp is named for the Rwandan soldiers based here as monitors of a tattered cease-fire. But the camp's sheiks say the name has a darker meaning, one that reveals their deepest fears.

"What happened in Rwanda, it will happen here," said Sheik Abdullah Muhammad Ali, who fled here from a nearby village seeking the safety that he hoped the presence of about 200 African Union peacekeepers would bring. But the Sudanese government has asked the African Union to quit Darfur rather than hand over its mission to the United Nations. "If these soldiers leave," Sheik Ali said, "we will all be slaughtered."

"We beg the international community, somebody, come and save us," Sheik Ali said. "We have no means to protect ourselves. The only thing we can do is run and hide in the mountains and caves. We will all die."

Tawila and the sprawling, makeshift camp of displaced people at its edge sit astride a deadly fault line in Darfur. This small but strategic town has been the front line of some of the deadliest battles in a conflict that has killed hundreds of thousands of people and sent 2.5 million fleeing.

It is a place where a grim struggle between the government and its Arab allies, and non-Arab rebel factions, has given way to a fractured struggle that pits non-Arab tribes against one another, fanning centuries-old rivalries and setting the scene for a bloodbath of score-settling vengeance should the African Union soldiers withdraw, as demanded, at the end of this month.

Tawila is an apocalyptic postcard from the next and perhaps the grimmest chapter in Darfur's agony, a preview of the coming cataclysm in the conflict the United Nations has called the world's gravest humanitarian crisis.

Thousands of people in this squalid camp fear that their annihilation will be the final chapter in this brutal battle over land, identity, resources and power, which the Bush administration and many others have called genocide.

Aid organizations have always found Tawila a difficult place to operate. Nestled in the foothills of the rich and fertile farmland of the Jebel Marra mountains and home to a mix of Arabs and non-Arabs, herders and farmers, it sits along a crucial livestock migration route and next to the main east-west road in Darfur, stretching from Chad to the main north-south road leading to Khartoum, the capital. Tawila is a strategic prize all sides in this increasingly complicated conflict have tried to win.

For the moment the peacekeepers are still here, the contingent of 200 Rwandan troops led by a Ghanaian lieutenant colonel named Wisdom Bleboo. But there is little they can do to help the people living in the Rwanda camp.

"People are dying here," Colonel Bleboo said. "Children are dying. They come to us thinking that we can help them, but we have no means to help them."

Note, Lydia's report tells us that a World Health Organization car travelling with the World Food Program was hijacked Thursday by rebel gunmen, leaving hundreds of thousands of people across Darfur without food, shelter, medicine and clean water.



Photo: A soldier with the Government of Sudan sits next to weapons and ammunition at an outpost in Sudan's northern Darfur town of Tawila May 17, 2006. Sudan's plan to send 10,500 new government troops to its Darfur region would violate a peace deal and is just a bid by Khartoum to stop the deployment of U.N. peacekeepers, a rights watchdog said on Aug 18, 2006. (Reuters/Candace Feit/Sudan Watch archives)

Aug 21 2006 N. Darfur: Armed SLA-Minnawi soldiers at Tawilla market causes panic among traders: MILITIA LEADER'S HOMETOWN OF MISTARIHA, NORTH DARFUR. RARE INTERVIEW: Sheik Musa Hilal, leader of Um Jalul tribe in his hometown of Mistariha, Darfur (Lydia Polgreen)

Egyptian FM advises negotiations between Sudan and UN asap - Sudan president in Libya for AU's 7th anniversary

Today, after arriving in Libya to take part in celebrations marking the anniversary of the AU in 1999, Sudan's President al-Bashir said the UN Security Council's resolution was "a painful strike to the African Union." - AFP/EB 9 Sep 2006. Excerpt:

"It is not of the African Union's right to hand over its sites in Darfur to the International troops, but they should be handing these sites over to the Sudanese government that will carry out the peacekeeping operations and securing the citizens there," al-Bashir said Saturday.

In Cairo, Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit said negotiations between Sudan and the UN were necessary to find the best way to implement the Security Council resolution "in a way that guarantees restoring security and stability in Darfur as soon as possible," according to a statement issued by the ministry.

US journalist and 2 Chadians released from Sudan jail

UPI/WT report confirms journalist Paul Salopek, jailed on spying charges in Sudan August 6, was released from custody Saturday, officials said. He was freed with his two Chadian assistants.

The men denied the espionage and other criminal charges, but Salopek acknowledged entering the country illegally, a civil violation.

Khartoum meets with AU to discuss AMIS

Sep 9 2006 AFP report via ST - Sudan says open for talks after Annan Darfur warning. Excerpt

"Sudan did not close the door on dialogue with the international community" concerning the situation in Darfur, the spokesman of the Sudanese foreign affairs ministry, Jamal Mohamed Ibrahim, said Saturday.

"Sudan did not ask the AU to withdraw its forces and even if the African organisation decides to leave Darfur, there will be no security vacuum because the Sudanese government has its own plan to ensure safety in the area," said the foreign ministry's Ibrahim.

On Saturday, Ibrahim revealed that Sudanese government officials were awaiting a delegation of African Union officials to discuss their mission.

The delegation would come to "Khartoum before the meeting of the foreign ministers envisaged in New York" on September 18, Ibrahim said.

At the meeting, African Union diplomatic chiefs are to make a final decision on whether to continue or abandon their Darfur mission at the end of the month, he added.

One wonders why the wealthy Arab League countries are so slow to cough up a few billion dollars for AMIS to continue in Darfur, and why Khartoum treats African peacekeepers so poorly. See next item here below.

UN: "The only thing we can do at the moment is keep the AU alive - it's the only game in town"

A senior UN official close to Annan told IPS that nothing concrete is expected to come out of the UN Security Council meeting on Monday, with the Council members continuing to have differences of opinion on the question of Darfur, IPS Halder Rizvi reported 8 Sep 2006 in Showdown Looms Over Darfur Peacekeeping [via POTP] Excerpt:

In the past, diplomats from Russia and China have expressed their reservations about imposing sanctions against the Khartoum government and many believe that both the veto-welding members are still opposed to adopting a sanctions-oriented approach as a tool to change political behaviour in Khartoum.

"The only thing we can do at the moment is keep the African Union alive," said the official, who did not want to be named. "It's the only game in town."

As noted here yesterday, Alex de Waal puts the whole situation into a nutshell when he says:

"I think the key thing to bear in mind is that the solution to Darfur is a political solution. No solution can be imposed by any amount of arm twisting, any amount of bluster, any amount of military force. Even if we sent 100,000 NATO troops, we would not be able to impose a solution. The solution has to come through political negotiation. And that, unfortunately, is a very slow process."

I say, it's about time fledgling AU peacekeepers got good press. They are hamstrung with a mandate to monitor an old ceasefire agreement. They are messed around by Khartoum, denigrated by the Darfur rebels and world press, attacked and killed by Sudanese locals, while not receiving the right equipment or any pay for months on end. They live in tents and work in tough conditions while a firm in Khartoum provides them with disgusting meals. Put yourself in their shoes and imagine morale.



Photo by African soldier in Darfur August 2006. AMZAR Trading & Services Ltd., in Khartoum provides disgusting meals to African peacekeepers in Darfur. Sometimes the meals contain sand and no bread, for which they have to pay $3.60 out of non existent pay packets. Reportedly, the peacekeepers receive no pay for months on end.

Don't miss outstanding BBC report by Paul Reynolds Sep 6, 2006 - AU doesn't have enough money to pull its troops out of Darfur - UK looking to Russia and China to allay Khartoum's fears of UN peacekeepers.

Note, Apr 23 2006 Sudan Watch entry - Nonsensical Bin Laden calls for jihad in Sudan's Darfur - has been linked by Islam Watch May 4, 2006.

Also, see neatly written update at US Physicians for Human Rights Sep 1, 2006: UN Security Council Authorises a UN Force in Darfur.

US donates $20m to help African Union Mission in Darfur

Good news. New US legislation, passed as part of the fiscal year 2007, the Defense Appropriations Act, provides an increase of $20 million to:

(1) assist in the training, support and equipping of the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) to bolster their efforts to protect the civilian population of Darfur;

(2) facilitate the airlifting of AMIS forces into the Darfur region as quickly as possible; and

(3) assist and expand the logistics capability of AMIS forces.

[Via CFD: Text of Senate Resolution 559 & POTP]



Photo: A Rwandan African Union soldier surveys the abandoned village of Hashaba south of El-Fasher in Darfur in June 2006. (AFP/File/Charles Onians)



Photo: Sudanese women walk past African Union soldiers on patrol outside Kebkabiyah, a government-controlled town in northern Darfur, Sudan September 5, 2006. (Candace Feit/Reuters)

Annan reiterates warning that Sudan will be held responsible if Darfur situation worsens

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan said the Sudanese "are placing themselves in a situation where the leadership may be held collectively and individually responsible for what happens to the population in Darfur."

Mr Annan's warning comes ahead of a high-level Security Council meeting on Monday to discuss the situation inside Darfur, which he will attend. Representatives of the Sudanese Government, the League of Arab States and the Organization of the Islamic Conference have been invited to participate. - UN News Service 8 Sep 2006.



Photo: The UN Security Council passed a resolution that would give the UN authority over peacekeepers in Darfur as soon as Sudan's government gives its consent. (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)

Sudanese govt has offered political incentives to main rebel faction holdout

If true, this sounds encouraging news.

"The Sudanese government has made overtures, of its own accord, to the main rebel faction that declined to sign the peace agreement and has offered political incentives outside the framework of the Abuja agreement," Julie Flint tells us in commentary at The Daily Star 9 Sep 2006 - World must not fail Darfur a fourth time [hat tip CFD & POTP].

Not sure which of the rebel holdouts Julie refers to - JEM, NRM or SLM-Nur. Disappointed she didn't have news of a date for the Darfur-Darfur Dialogue Conference but she does say, quote:

"The focus must now shift back to negotiation, led from the highest levels. The problem of Darfur is political and demands a political solution, regardless of how long it takes."